实体与程序之间的职务代理权范围确定  

Determination of Scope of Authority of Duty Agency Between Entity and Procedure

作　　者：孙新宽 Sun Xinkuan

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《法学》2025年第2期131-143,共13页Law Science

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金青年项目(项目编号:23FXC015)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：职务代理的性质为意定代理,工作人员职务代理权范围的判断依据是代理权授权行为,职务并非职务代理权范围确定的实体法标准。《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国民法典〉合同编通则若干问题的解释》第21条第2款规定的职务代理权范围的判断标准并不契合职务代理的意定代理性质,类型化理论也无助于职务代理权范围的判断。职务代理制度应当在法人和非法人组织以及相对人利益之间进行平衡,着重规范职务代理中相对人的证明风险问题。《民法典》第170条第1款和《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国民法典〉合同编通则若干问题的解释》第21条第2款第4项应当被重构为关于职务代理权范围的推定规则。在职务代理权范围推定说之下,法人和非法人组织的工作人员在通常职权范围内实施的代理行为应被推定为有权代理。The Nature of the position-based agency is authorized agency.The scope of the authority of the staff of a legal person or an unincorporated organization shall be determined by the conferment of authority by the principal and not by the staff's position.Neither the criteria for judging the scope of the authority of the staff provided in Article 21(2)of the Interpretation No.13[2023] of the Supreme People's Court nor the categorization theory is consistent with the nature of position-based agency.The position-based agency shall balance the interests of the principal and the counterparty,and focus on regulating the counterparty's proof risk.Article 170(1)of the Civil Code and point 4 of Article 21(2)of the Interpretation No.13[2023] of the Supreme People's Court should be reconstructed as a rule of presumption.If a staff of a legal person or an unincorporated organization performs tasks that fall within the normal scope of authority,he or she shall be presumed to be acting within the scope of the conferred authority.

关 键 词：职务代理 通常职权范围 推定规则 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]