基于反格雷码辅助相移法的高鲁棒三维测量  

Anti-Gray code aided phase-shift method for high-robust 3D measurements

作　　者：冯云 李佩伍 伍文蕾 吕健宇 刘晓军[1] 陈良洲[1] FENG Yun;LI Peiwu;WU Wenei;LYV Jianyu;LIU Xiaojun;CHEN Liangzhou(School of Mechanical Science&Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430000,China;Guilin Measuring&Cutting Tool Co.,Ltd,Guilin 541000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430000 [2]桂林量具刃具有限责任公司,广西桂林541000

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2025年第1期1-12,共12页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51975233,No.52005204);中国科学挑战项目(No.TZ2018006-0102-02);广西科技厅重大研发专项(No.2022AB03020,No.2022JBGS022);桂林市科技局重大研发专项(No.20220113-1,No.20210101-5)。

摘　　要：为了解决结构光三维测量系统受测量环境干扰、被测物体几何特性等因素造成的稳定性不强、精度不高等问题,对该系统的投影编码方式、投影加速等算法进行研究,提升系统稳定性与精度。根据结构光系统稳定性不强的问题提出了正反互补格雷码结合相移法。考虑投影张数造成的时间消耗较长等问题,提出了合成图案并行加载方法缩短投影时间。其次,考虑被测物体几何特性造成的光线遮挡与阴影问题,提出双投影单相机系统结构扩大测量视场范围,消除阴影等现象。最后,与互补格雷码结合相移法、多频外差法进行性能比对,证明了所提方法的有效性。实验表明,所提方法的系统稳定性与整体性能较优,合成图案并行加载相比未改进前投影效率提升55.51%,测量标准差为0.014 mm。所提方法极大地提升了系统稳定性,性能优于传统编码方法。To address the challenges of low robustness and accuracy in structured light 3D measurement systems caused by environmental interference and the geometric characteristics of measured objects,this study focuses on improving the system's projection encoding method,projection efficiency,and related al-gorithms.First,to enhance system robustness,a novel approach combining complementary Gray code and phase-shifting is proposed.Second,to reduce the extended projection time resulting from multiple pat-terns,a synthetic pattern parallel loading method is introduced,significantly accelerating projection speed.Third,to mitigate issues such as light occlusion and shadows caused by object geometry,a dual-projector single-camera system is designed,expanding the measurement field of view and effectively eliminating shadows.Finally,a comprehensive performance comparison with existing methods,including complemen-tary Gray code with phase-shifting and the multi-frequency heterodyne method,is conducted to validate the proposed approach.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method substantially improves system robustness and overall performance.Specifically,the synthetic pattern parallel loading method en-hances projection efficiency by 55.51%compared to the baseline approach,achieving a measurement stan-dard deviation of 0.014 mm.The proposed method significantly enhances system robustness and accura-cy,surpassing traditional encoding techniques.

关 键 词：三维测量 反格雷码 相移法 投影加速 双投影单相机 

分 类 号：TP216.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]