城市洪涝智慧控制与社会系统响应思考及探讨  

Exploration and discussion on smart control and social system response of urban flooding

作　　者：叶陈雷 徐宗学[1,2] 李小雁 Ye Chenlei;XuZongxue;Li Xiaoyan

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [4]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《中国水利》2025年第5期37-43,共7页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52239003);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52409005);中国博士后科学基金项目(2024M750224)。

摘　　要：随着城市化进程加快,城市洪涝灾害频繁发生,给经济社会发展和居民生活带来巨大压力和挑战。为有效应对城市洪涝问题,智慧控制技术与社会系统响应协同机制逐步成为研究的核心方向。综述了当前城市洪涝管理中三大关键领域,即城市洪涝数值模拟、城市洪涝调度控制与社会系统响应的研究进展。首先回顾了城市洪涝数值模拟方法的发展历程与关键技术,重点分析了基于水文-水动力耦合模型的模拟手段;其次探讨了城市洪涝调度控制技术的现状与面临的挑战,特别是在多源数据集成与实时决策支持系统中的应用;最后分析了社会系统在应对城市洪涝灾害中的响应机制,突出社会参与、应急管理与公众意识在灾后恢复中的关键作用。旨在通过多角度讨论,推动城市洪涝灾害智慧防控体系理论研究与实践发展。城市洪涝的模拟、控制与社会响应需要多学科的协同合作,并依赖于先进的技术手段和有效的政策措施,促进城市的可持续发展并提升其韧性。With the acceleration of urbanization,urban flooding disasters occur frequently,posing significant pressures and challenges to socio-economic development as well as residents’lives.To effectively address urban flooding issues,the collaborative mechanism between smart control technologies and social system responses has gradually become a core research focus.This paper reviews the current progress of research in three key areas of urban flood management:urban flood numerical simulation,urban flood dispatching control,and social system response.Firstly,it reviews the development history and key technologies of urban flood numerical simulation methods,with a focus on simulation approaches based on hydrological-hydrodynamic coupled models.Secondly,it discusses the current status and challenges of urban flood dispatching control technologies,particularly their application in multi-source data integration and real-time decision support systems.Finally,it analyzes the response mechanisms of social systems in coping with urban flooding disasters,highlighting the critical roles of social participation,emergency management,and public awareness in post-disaster recovery.Through a multi-perspective discussion,this paper aims to promote theoretical research and practical development of intelligent urban flood disaster prevention and control systems.The simulation,control,and social response to urban flooding require interdisciplinary collaboration,relying on advanced technological tools and effective policy measures to promote sustainable urban development and enhance urban resilience.

关 键 词：城市洪涝 数值模拟 水文-水动力 强化学习 智慧控制 社会系统 多智能体 

分 类 号：TV122.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]