基于三维激光扫描技术的岩体质量快速评价方法  

Rapid Rock Mass Quality Assessment Method Based on 3D Laser Scanning Technology

作　　者：孙钱程 王泉[1,2] 徐志华 郭戈[1,2] SUN Qiancheng;WANG Quan;XU Zhihua;GUO Ge(National Field Observation and Research Station of Landslides in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Yangtze River,Yichang 443002,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation(China Three Gorges University),Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北长江三峡滑坡国家野外科学观测研究站,湖北宜昌443002 [2]防灾减灾湖北省重点实验室(三峡大学),湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《金属矿山》2025年第2期56-63,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(编号:2024AFB838);防灾减灾湖北省重点实验室(三峡大学)开放基金项目(编号:2022KJZ15)。

摘　　要：岩体质量评价是开展滑坡、崩塌等地质灾害预测与评估的重要基础信息。针对传统岩体质量评价方法存在的效率低、取样难、成本高等问题,利用三维激光扫描技术提出一种以结构面信息和块体体积作为评价参数的岩体质量快速评价方法。该方法通过非接触式测量方式,快速获取岩体表面的点云数据,并提取结构面参数和块体体积;利用动态权重法计算各参数权重,结合统计的各评价参数值分析确定岩体质量等级,实现了岩体质量的快速、准确评价。研究结果表明:本方法与GSI岩体质量评价系统的结果相吻合;这种非接触式测量方法不仅可以快速完成大范围岩体质量评价,而且测试成本低,抗干扰能力强,显著提高了评价的效率和准确性,为岩体质量评价领域提供了新的技术方法,具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。Rock mass quality assessment is a crucial foundational element for predicting and evaluating geological hazards such as landslides and collapses.Addressing the inefficiencies,sampling difficulties,and high costs associated with traditional rock mass quality evaluation methods,this paper proposes a rapid assessment method for rock mass quality using structural plane information and block volume as evaluation parameters,leveraging 3D laser scanning technology.This method acquires point cloud data of the rock mass surface rapidly through non-contact measurement and extracts parameters of structural planes and block volumes.Dynamic weighting is applied to calculate the weights of various parameters,and the rock mass quality grade is determined by statistically analyzing the values of each evaluation parameter,achieving rapid and accurate assessment of rock mass quality.Research findings indicate that the results of this method are consistent with those of the Geological Strength Index(GSI)rock mass quality evaluation system.This non-contact measurement method enables rapid and large-scale evaluation of rock mass quality with low testing costs,high resistance to interference,and significantly improved evaluation efficiency and accuracy.It introduces an innovative technical approach to the field of rock mass quality assessment,offering substantial scientific significance and practical application value.

关 键 词：岩体质量评价 三维激光扫描 非接触测量 动态权重 

分 类 号：TD166[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]