矿井水pH对微胶充填体强度及尾矿重金属浸出特性的影响  

The Effect of Mine Water pH on the Strength of Micro-gel Filling Body and the Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Tailings

作　　者：焦华喆[1] 王琪 杨小林 许军强 王辉[1,3] 陈勋 徐平 李公成 申宏栋 JIAO Huazhe;WANG Qi;YANG Xiaolin;XU Junqiang;WANG Hui;CHEN Xun;XU Ping;LI Gongcheng;SHEN Hongdong(School of Civil and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China;Henan First Geological and Mineral Investigation Institute Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471023,China;Henan Second Geological and Mineral Investigation Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;Shandong Jiekong Electric Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250101,China;Jiaozuo Qianye New Materials Company,Jiaozuo 454003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南焦作454003 [2]河南省第一地质矿产调查院有限公司,河南洛阳471023 [3]河南省第二地质矿产调查院有限公司,河南郑州450000 [4]山东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,山东淄博255000 [5]山东杰控电气技术有限公司,山东济南250101 [6]焦作千业新材料有限公司,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《金属矿山》2025年第2期211-218,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2023YFC2907203);国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:52374121,52074121)。

摘　　要：为探明矿井水酸碱度及水泥掺量对重金属离子浸出行为与胶结充填体强度的影响,通过重金属赋存形态分析及重金属长期静态浸出试验方法,结合重金属污染指数法评估水泥耗量变化对地下水污染的风险;并针对不同浸泡时间下低耗水泥充填体的单轴抗压强度进行测试。结果表明:某金矿中Zn、Cu、Pb、Ni重金属总量为2478.96 mg/kg,其中Pb和Ni生物可利用态占比超过50%。在矿井水pH=7条件下浸泡120 d,灰砂比为1∶30的充填体重金属浸出量显著增加,Zn、Cu、Pb、Ni的浸出量分别是灰砂比为1∶10时的6.40倍、5.05倍、5.15倍和7.64倍;重金属污染潜力指数普遍超过污染临界值。低耗水泥充填体对重金属离子的固化能力从传统“强固化”转为“弱固化”。在120 d浸泡条件下,不同灰砂比(1∶10、1∶15、1∶20)的充填体抗压强度分别降至1.12、0.87、0.41 MPa,随着水泥耗量减少,水化产物减少,充填体强度下降,抵抗侵蚀能力减弱,强度下降趋势随时间加剧。In order to explore the influence of mine water pH and cement content on the leaching behavior of heavy metal ions and the strength of cemented backfill,the risk of groundwater pollution caused by cement consumption change was evaluated by heavy metal occurrence form analysis and long-term static leaching test of heavy metals,combined with heavy metal pollution index.The uniaxial compressive strength of low-consumption cement filling body under different soaking time was tested.The results showed that the total amount of Zn,Cu,Pb and Ni in one gold mine was 2478.96 mg/kg,and the bioavailable Pb and Ni accounted for more than 50%.Under the condition of mine water pH=7 for 120 days,the leaching amount of filling weight metal with cement-sand ratio of 1∶30 increased significantly,and the leaching amounts of Zn,Cu,Pb and Ni were 6.40 times,5.05 times,5.15 times and 7.64 times higher than those with cement-sand ratio of 1∶10,respectively.The heavy metal pollution potential index generally exceeded the pollution threshold.The solidification ability of low-consumption cement backfill to heavy metal ions changed from traditional‘strong solidification’to‘weak solidification’.Under the condition of 120 d soaking,the compressive strength of the filling body with different cement-sand ratios(1∶10,1∶15,1∶20)decreased to 1.12,·211·0.87,0.41 MPa,respectively.With the decrease of cement consumption,the hydration products decreased,the strength of the filling body decreased,the erosion resistance decreased,and the strength decline trend increased with time.

关 键 词：胶结充填 水泥耗量 重金属浸出 抗压强度 

分 类 号：TD863[矿业工程—金属矿开采]