妊娠期妇女发生缺铁性贫血的影响因素  

Influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women

作　　者：徐晓华 XU Xiaohua(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Chuanhui District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoukou City,Zhoukou 466000 Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]周口市川汇区妇幼保健院妇产科,河南周口466000

出　　处：《中国民康医学》2025年第5期8-10,共3页Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Health

摘　　要：目的:分析妊娠期妇女发生缺铁性贫血(IDA)的影响因素。方法:选取2021—2022年于该院进行产检的180例妊娠期妇女进行横断面研究,收集临床资料,统计IDA发生情况,根据是否发生IDA将其分为发生组与未发生组,采用Logistic回归分析妊娠期妇女发生IDA的影响因素。结果:180例妊娠期妇女中,发生IDA 54例,发生率为30.00%(54/180);两组体质量指数、文化程度、居住地、家庭人均年收入、孕前饮酒史比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);发生组年龄≥35岁、孕周≥28周、孕期饮茶/咖啡频率>5次/周、孕期未补充铁剂或叶酸、人工流产次数>2次、孕早期频繁呕吐、饮食习惯以素食为主占比均高于未发生组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁、孕周≥28周、孕期饮茶/咖啡频率>5次/周、孕期未补充铁剂或叶酸、人工流产次数>2次、孕早期频繁呕吐、饮食习惯以素食为主均为妊娠期妇女发生IDA的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论:年龄≥35岁、孕周≥28周、孕期饮茶/咖啡频率>5次/周、孕期未补充铁剂或叶酸、人工流产次数>2次、孕早期频繁呕吐、饮食习惯以素食为主均为妊娠期妇女发生IDA的危险因素。Objective:To analyze influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia(IDA) in pregnant women.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 180 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in this hospital from 2021 to 2022.The clinical data were collected.The occurrence of IDA was statistically analyzed.They were divided into occurrence group and non-occurrence group according to whether IDA occurred.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of IDA in the pregnant women.Results:Among the 180 pregnant women,54 cases of IDA occurred,with an incidence of 30.00%(54/180).There were no significant differences in body mass index,education level,place of residence,family per capita annual income and history of drinking before pregnancy between the two groups(P>0.05).The proportions of the women with age≥35 years old,gestational age≥28 weeks,frequency of drinking tea/coffee during pregnancy>5 times/week,no iron or folic acid supplementation during pregnancy,number of induced abortions>2 times,frequent vomiting in early pregnancy,and vegetarian diet in the occurrence group were higher than those in the non-occurrence group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35 years,gestational age≥28 weeks,frequency of tea/coffee drinking during pregnancy>5 times/week,no iron or folic acid supplementation during pregnancy,number of induced abortions>2 times,frequent vomiting in early pregnancy,and vegetarian diet were all risk factors for IDA in the pregnant women(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusions:Age≥35 years old,gestational age≥28 weeks,frequency of tea/coffee drinking during pregnancy>5 times/week,no iron or folic acid supplementation during pregnancy,number of induced abortions>2 times,frequent vomiting in early pregnancy,and vegetarian diet were the risk factors for IDA in the pregnant women.

关 键 词：妊娠期 缺铁性贫血 饮食习惯 影响因素 

分 类 号：R714.254[医药卫生—妇产科学]