青岛市港务局与胶海关博弈及青岛港航政事权嬗变(1928—1949)  

Game Between Qingdao Port Authority and Kiaochow Customs and Transformation of Qingdao Port Navigation Administration(1928-1949)

作　　者：蒋璟 Jiang Jing

机构地区：[1]青岛大学历史学院

出　　处：《兰台世界》2025年第1期138-143,共6页Lantai World

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“胶海关中外交涉档案史料整理与研究(1898—1949)”(项目编号:21BZS134)。

摘　　要：晚清以降,以外籍税务司为代表的海关在航政事务中的主导地位严重影响我国主权的完整性。国民政府时期,国民党政权采取一系列政策措施,旨在重新确立中央政府对航政事务的控制权,青岛市港务局以中央政策为支撑与胶海关划清职能界限,但胶海关仍挑起事端,向港务局发起挑战。抗日战争胜利后,国民党中央为收回地方航政管理权,使得原本胶海关与港务局之间的博弈转变为中央与地方间的权力争夺。冲突的实质随时间的推移发生了变化,反映了近代中国海关、中央政府与地方政府三者间对于航政事务管理权背后利益的争夺。这种多方冲突不仅对航政事务的有效管理构成了严重阻碍,也对港口的持续发展和国家行政体系的完善造成了不利影响。Since the late Qing Dynasty,the dominant position of customs agencies in navigation affairs,represented by the Foreign Taxation Department,has seriously affected the integrity of China's sovereignty.During the period of National Government,the KMT regime adopted a series of policies and measures aiming at re-establishing the government's control over navigation affairs.Qingdao Port Authority drew a clear line of function with Kiaochow Customs under the auspices of the central government's policy,but Kiaochow Customs still stirred up trouble and challenged the Port Authority.After the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,the KMT Central Committee recovered the right to administer local navigation affairs,which transformed the original game between Kiaochow Customs and the Port Authority into a power struggle between the central government and the local government.The essence of the conflict has changed over time,reflecting the competition among modern China's customs,central government and local government for the interests behind the administration of navigation affairs.This multi-party conflict not only constituted a serious obstacle to the effective management of navigation affairs,but also adversely affected the sustainable development of ports and the improvement of the national administrative system.

关 键 词：胶海关 青岛市港务局 航政管理权 青岛港 青岛市档案馆 

分 类 号：K266[历史地理—历史学]