审美共通感·审美乌托邦·审美共同体:当代美学的三个向度  

Aesthetic Common Sense,Aesthetic Utopia and Aesthetic Community:The Three Dimensions of Contemporary Aesthetics

作　　者：漆飞[1] Qi Fei

机构地区：[1]兰州大学文学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《南京师范大学文学院学报》2024年第4期81-88,共8页Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助暨优秀博士论文出版项目“审美共同体问题研究——以当代批判理论为中心的考察”(23FYB044)。

摘　　要：审美共通感、审美乌托邦与审美共同体构成当代美学的三个向度。康德在先验哲学领域以“共通感”概念思考审美鉴赏判断如何可能及其普遍有效性的问题,共通感作为感觉的普遍可传达性构成了审美判断的前提,并由此形成主观普遍性的重要机制。早期批判理论在感性的社会-历史考察路径下探寻总体性与乌托邦的关系,“审美乌托邦”在审美和艺术的实践潜能中展示出共同体与审美现代性批判之间的张力。后现代以降,现实语境的复杂更迭催生着批判理论的自身裂变,微观感性与生命政治拆解宏大叙事与总体性逻辑,朗西埃以审美异托邦确立审美共同体在政治美学视域中的当代坐标。这一进路经由感性经验场域的重返,使乌托邦的理论话语在当代美学视域下被重新激活。通过厘清和阐明从审美共通感到审美乌托邦再到审美异托邦的历史嬗变与学理关联,一方面有益于探明审美共同体问题在批判理论内部的生成脉络,另一方面有益于激活审美共同体在当代美学问题视阈中的阐释张力,从而为当代美学的研究路径及其话语范式更新提供更多可能。Aesthetic common sense,aesthetic utopia and aesthetic community constitute the three dimensions of contemporary aesthetics.Kant,from the field of transcendental philosophy,ex-plored the possibility and universal validity of aesthetic judgment through the concept of"common sense",which as the universal communicability of sensation,constitutes the premise of aesthetic.judgment and thereby generates an important mechanism of subjective universality.Early critical theory,under the path of social-historical investigation of sensibility,explored the relationship be-tween totality and utopia."Aesthetic utopia"conveys the tension between the community and the critique of aesthetic modernity in the practical potential of aesthetics and art.Since the postmodern era,the complex changes in the real context have given rise to the self-splitting of critical theory.Micro-sensibility and biopolitics have loosened the grand narrative and the logic of totality.Ran-ciere established the contemporary coordinates of the aesthetic community in the political aesthetic perspective through the aesthetic heterotopia.This approach,by returning to the field of sensory ex-perience,reactivates the theoretical discourse of utopia in the contemporary aesthetic perspective.By clarifying and elucidating the historical transformation and theoretical connection from aesthetic common sense to aesthetic utopia and then to aesthetic heterotopia,on the one hand,it is benefi-cial to clarify the generation context of the aesthetic community issue within critical theory,and on the other hand,it is beneficial to activate the interpretive tension of the aesthetic community in the contemporary aesthetic problem perspective,thereby providing more possibilities for the research path and discourse paradigm renewal of contemporary aesthetics.

关 键 词：审美共通感 审美乌托邦 审美共同体 当代美学 

分 类 号：B089.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论]