青少年主观幸福感的提升路径:体育锻炼中积极核心图式和同伴依恋的链式中介效应  

How Can Physical Exercise Enhance Adolescent Well-being?——The Chain Mediating Effect of Positive Core Schema and Peer Attachment

作　　者：张伟鹏 朱媛鹪 张强 ZHANG Weipeng;ZHU Yuanjiao;ZHANG Qiang(College of Sports Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;College of Physical Education,Three Gorges University,Yichang,Hubei 443002,China;College of Physical Education,Cangzhou Normal University,Cangzhou,Hebei 061001,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学体育科学学院,天津300387 [2]三峡大学体育学院,湖北宜昌443002 [3]沧州师范学院体育学院,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《沧州师范学院学报》2025年第1期70-74,96,共6页Journal of Cangzhou Normal University

基　　金：2022年度河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究青年拔尖人才项目“审核评估视角下地方高校体育专业教学质量保障体系构建与应用研究”,编号:BJS2022035。

摘　　要：目的:探讨体育锻炼对青少年主观幸福感的影响机制,并分析同伴依恋和积极核心图式在两者之间的中介作用。方法:采用方便抽样方法,对天津市5所高校488名大学生进行问卷调查,并获得450份有效问卷。利用SPSS 26.0进行相关性分析,并通过5 000次Bootstrap抽样与95%偏差校正置信区间检验中介效应的显著性。结果:(1)体育锻炼与同伴依恋、积极核心图式及主观幸福感两两之间均呈显著正相关;(2)体育锻炼可直接正向预测青少年的主观幸福感(β=0.42,p<0.01);(3)通过三条间接路径影响主观幸福感,包括同伴依恋的单独中介作用(β=0.30,p<0.01)、积极核心图式的单独中介作用(β=0.07,p<0.01),以及同伴依恋和积极核心图式的链式中介作用(β=0.053,p<0.01)。结论:体育锻炼不仅直接提升青少年的主观幸福感,还通过增强社会支持和积极自我认知间接发挥作用。结合同伴依恋和积极核心图式的双重机制,建议在青少年体育活动设计中,注重增强其社交互动和自我认知能力,从而实现幸福感的全面提升,促进青少年身心健康与社会适应能力的协调发展。Objective:To explore the mechanism by which physical exercise affects the subjective well-being of adolescents,and to analyze the mediating roles of peer attachment and positive core beliefs between the two.Methods:Using a convenience sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted with 488 university students from five universities in Tianjin,resulting in 450 valid responses.Correlation analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0,and the significance of the mediating effect was tested using 5000 bootstrap samples and a 95%bias-corrected confidence interval.Results:(1)Physical exercise was significantly positively correlated with peer attachment,positive core beliefs,and subjective well-being in pairs.(2)Physical exercise can directly positively predict adolescents’subjective well-being(β=0.42,p<0.01).(3)There are three indirect pathways influencing subjective well-being,including the independent mediating effect of peer attachment(β=0.30,p<0.01),the independent mediating effect of positive core beliefs(β=0.07,p<0.01),and the chain mediating effect of peer attachment and positive core beliefs(β=0.053,p<0.01).Conclusion:Physical exercise not only directly enhances adolescents’subjective well-being but also plays an indirect role by enhancing social support and positive self-cognition.Combining the dual mechanisms of peer attachment and positive core beliefs,it is suggested that in the design of adolescent sports activities,attention should be paid to enhancing their social interaction and self-cognitive abilities,thereby achieving a comprehensive improvement in well-being and promoting the coordinated development of adolescents’physical and mental health and social adaptability.

关 键 词：体育锻炼 主观幸福感 积极核心图式 同伴依恋 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]