食管癌术后病人禁食期间口渴体验及应对的质性研究  

A qualitative study on the thirst experience and coping approaches of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer during the fasting period

作　　者：王金悦 田凤美[1] 张梦 徐丽丽 WANG Jinyue;TIAN Fengmei;ZHANG Meng;XU Lili(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Jiangsu 215000 China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第二医院,215000

出　　处：《全科护理》2025年第5期905-909,共5页Chinese General Practice Nursing

摘　　要：目的:了解食管癌病人术后禁食期间的口渴体验以及护患双方的应对措施,为临床管理策略的完善提供依据。方法:基于症状管理理论拟订访谈提纲,采用目的性抽样方法,选取2023年9月—12月在苏州市某三级甲等综合医院胸外科住院的12例食管癌病人及胸外科护士11人进行半结构式深入访谈,采用Colaizzi现象学分析法分析资料并提炼主题。结果:食管癌术后病人在禁食期间的口渴体验可归纳为症状感知(口渴表现多样性、口渴时段特殊性)、症状评估(口渴症状严重性)、症状反应(口渴反应多样性)3个主题。护患双方应对措施包含生理环境干预(非口服途径补水、减少水分丧失)和心理应对(正向激励,转移注意力;避而不谈,妥协接受)两个主题。结论:口渴使食管癌术后病人感到不适与无奈,多数病人不愿意主动告知,护士缺乏主动沟通,护患双方对此应对不足。临床护士应重视食管癌病人口渴症状的评估,提供有效的干预策略并及时评价。Objective:To understand the thirst experience of patients with esophageal cancer during the postoperative fasting period and the coping strategies adopted by both healthcare professionals and patients,aiming to inform the optimization of clinical management strategies.Methods:An interview outline was drawn up based on symptom management theory,and 12 patients with esophageal cancer and 11 nurses in the thoracic surgery department of a tertiary Grade A hospital in Suzhou from September to December 2023 were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews.Colaizzi phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the data and extract the themes.Results:The thirst experience of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer during fasting can be summarized into three themes,including symptom perception(diversity of thirst manifestations,particularity of thirst duration),symptom assessment(severity of thirst symptom),symptomatic response(diversity of thirst response).The coping measures of nurses and patients had two themes,including physical environmental interventions(non-oral hydration,reduction of fluid loss),psychological coping(positive stimulation,diversion of attention;avoid talking,compromise accept).Conclusions:Thirsty makes patients with esophageal cancer feel uncomfortable and helpless after surgery.Most patients are unwilling to take the initiative to inform,nurses demonstrate insufficient proactive communication,and both nurses and patients have insufficient coping methods.Clinical nurses should pay attention to the evaluation of thirst symptoms of patients with esophageal cancer,provide effective intervention strategies and timely evaluation.

关 键 词：食管癌 口渴 症状体验 应对策略 质性研究 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]