基于主成分分析的承德本地毛桃果实品质综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Chengde Local Peach Fruit Quality Based on Principal Component Analysis

作　　者：荣春蕊 杜宏儒 刘永军[3] 李晓颖 李刚 苏凯 张晨光 肖坤 肖啸[1] 张立彬[1] 武军凯 刘春生 ROMG Chun-rui;DU Hong-ru;LIU Yong-jun;LI Xiao-ying;LI Gang;SU Kai;ZHANG Chen-guang;XIAO Kun;XIAO Xiao;ZHANG Li-bin;WU Jun-kai;LIU Chun-sheng(College of Horticulture Science and Technology/Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Resources Exploration and Innovative Utilization of Hebei Province,Research and Development Center of Applied Technology of Horticultural Plant Breeding,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Chengde Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science,Chengde 067000,China;College of Continuous Education/Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao,066004,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院园艺科技学院,河北省园艺种质资源发掘与创新利用重点实验室,河北省高校特色园艺植物生物育种应用技术研发中心,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]承德市农林科学院,河北承德067000 [3]河北科技师范学院继续教育学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期151-159,共9页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32402512);河北省自然科学基金(C2024407070);热杂果现代种业科技创新团队(21326310D);河北科技师范学院博士启动基金(2023YB009)。

摘　　要：为了筛选果实综合品质优良的承德本地毛桃,对实地调查获得的10份承德本地毛桃资源进行果实品质测定,并通过顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术检测了承德本地毛桃成熟果实中挥发性成分的种类和含量,利用PCA方法对10份承德本地毛桃资源果实品质进行了综合评价。结果显示,10份毛桃除可溶性固形物无显著性差异外,单果重、果形指数、可溶性糖、pH值、果实风味均存在显著差异,其中CDMT7单果重最大,口感酸甜,CDMT9可溶性固形物最高,口感甜,果实品质表现较好。10份毛桃中共检测到80种挥发性成分,其中8种物质在所有本地毛桃中均检测到,CDMT9检测到的挥发性成分种类最多,为51种,CDMT4挥发性成分总含量最高,为2697.89μg/g。酯类是承德本地毛桃的主要挥发性成分,CDMT1、CDMT3、CDMT6、CDMT7和CDMT8中含量最高的是(Z)-己-2-烯基乙酸酯,其他5种毛桃中含量最高的是乙酸己酯。果实品质与挥发性性物质相关性分析结果表明:风味与醛含量呈显著正相关,酮含量与单果重显著负相关。基于11项品质指标进行主成分分析,获得了4个主成分因子,累计贡献率为80.195%,综合评价排序为CDMT4、CDMT10、CDMT1、CDMT2、CDMT9、CDMT5、CDMT6、CDMT8、CDMT7、CDMT3。综上,果实酮含量、醛含量、可溶性固形物、果实酸度、风味可作为承德本地毛桃综合评价指标,CDMT4、CDMT10和CDMT9综合品质优良,可作为桃杂交育种的优良亲本。In order to select local Chengde peach varieties with excellent comprehensive fruit quality,fruit quality assessments were conducted on 10 local Chengde peach resources obtained through field surveys.The types and contents of volatile components in ripe fruits of these local Chengde peaches were analyzed using SPME-GC-MS.The comprehensive evaluation of the fruit quality of these 10 local Chengde peach resources was then performed using PCA.There were differences in fruit weight,fruit shape index,soluble sugar,pH,and fruit flavor among the 10 samples of Chengde local peaches,except that no significant differences were observed in soluble solids.Among them,CDMT7 had the highest single fruit weight and a taste that was sour and sweet,while CDMT9 had the highest soluble solids content and a sweet taste,indicating better fruit quality.A total of 80 volatile substances were detected in the 10 samples of Chengde local peaches,with 8 substances found in all samples.CDMT9 had the most types of volatile components detected,51,while CDMT4 had the highest total volatile substance content,2697.89μg/g.Esters were the main volatile substances in local peaches from Chengde,with(Z)-hex-2-enyl acetate being the highest content in CDMT1,CDMT3,CDMT6,CDMT7,and CDMT8,while hexyl acetate had the highest content in the other five peaches.The results of the correlation analysis between fruit quality and volatile substances showed that flavor was significantly positively correlated with aldehyde content,while ketone content was significantly negatively correlated with single fruit weight.Based on the principal component analysis of 11 quality indices,four principal component factors were obtained,with a cumulative contribution rate of 80.195%.The results indicated that the quality of the 10 local peaches ranked as CDMT4,CDMT10,CDMT1,CDMT2,CDMT9,CDMT5,CDMT6,CDMT8,CDMT7,and CDMT3.In summary,ketone content,aldehyde content,soluble solids,fruit acidity,and flavor could be used as as comprehensive evaluation indicators for Chengde local peach

关 键 词：承德本地毛桃 果实品质 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]