涨渡湖湿地自然保护区鸟类资源调查及多样性研究  

Diversity Study and of Bird Resources Survey in Zhangdu Lake Wetland Nature Reserves

作　　者：陶全霞 周帆琦 沙茜 李金成 肖繁荣 赵冬冬 朱文宇 Tao Quanxia;Zhou Fanqi;Sha Qian;Li Jincheng;Xiao Fanrong;Zhao Dongdong;Zhu Wenyu(Wuhan Kelain Technology Development Co.Ltd,Wuhan 430070;Wuhan Eco-Environmental Science and Technology Center,Wuhan 430000;Jingmen Wildlife and Forest Plant Protection Station,Jingmen 448000;Wuhan Imagination Science and Technology Development Co.Ltd,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]武汉市科籁恩科技发展有限公司,武汉430070 [2]武汉市生态环境科技中心,武汉430000 [3]荆门市野生动物和森林植物保护站,荆门448000 [4]武汉市伊美净科技发展有限公司,武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北林业科技》2025年第1期49-53,共5页Hubei Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：武汉市生态环境局2021及2022年科研及专项研究项目(HKY-2021-KY02、HKY-2022-KY02)。

摘　　要：涨渡湖湿地自然保护区紧邻长江,是长江中下游地区候鸟重要的越冬地和栖息地之一。2021年5月—2022年5月利用样线法、样点法及红外相机法对保护区鸟类物种组成及其多样性进行调查,结合实地调查和文献资料,统计出鸟类17目46科172种。其中,雀形目的种数最多,占鸟类种数的43.02%;居留型方面,以迁徙鸟类为主,占比69.77%,留鸟仅占比30.23%;区系类型方面,古北种85种,占比49.42%,东洋种57种,占比33.14%,广布种30种,占比17.44%;生态类型方面,鸣禽的种类最多,广泛分布于各类生境中。结果显示,涨渡湖湿地自然保护区鸟类物种类型丰富、种类多样、季节差异显著,且涨渡湖水上森林是鹭鸟活动和栖息的集中分布区,建议将该区域划为重点保护与监测区,开展长期动态监测,加强宣传力度,提高居民生态保护意识。Zhangdu Lake Wetland Nature Reserves,adjacent to the Yangtze River,is one of the key wintering and habitat areas for migratory birds in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.From May 2021 to May 2022,a survey on bird species composition and diversity in the Zhangdu Lake Wetland Nature Reserves was conducted using transect,point-count,and infrared camera methods.Combined with field observations and literature,the study identified 172 bird species across 46 families and 17 orders.Among these,Passeriformes accounted for the largest proportion,comprising 43.02%of the total bird species.In terms of residency,migratory birds dominated,making up 69.77%,while resident birds accounted for only 30.23%.From a zoogeographical perspective,Palearctic species were the most prevalent,with 85 species(49.42%),followed by Oriental species with 57 species(33.14%),and cosmopolitan species with 30 species(17.44%).Regarding ecological types,songbirds were the most diverse,widely distributed across various habitats.The results indicate that the Zhangdu Lake Wetland Nature Reserves hosts a rich and diverse array of bird species,with significant seasonal variations.The aquatic forest in the wetland serves as a key concentration area for herons.It is recommended that the wetland management authority designate this area as a priority for protection and monitoring,establish long-term dynamic monitoring programs,and enhance public awareness campaigns to improve residents'ecological conservation awareness.

关 键 词：涨渡湖湿地 鸟类 生物多样性 季节动态 自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]