mRNA肿瘤疫苗非病毒递送系统研究进展  

Progress on mRNA tumor vaccine with non-viral delivery system

作　　者：周娇 郑建雨 王思真 杨峰 ZHOU Jiao;ZHENG Jianyu;WANG Sizhen;YANG Feng(School of Pharmacy,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学药学系,上海200433

出　　处：《药学实践与服务》2025年第3期109-116,共8页Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice and Service

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82473891);基础医学创新课题(JCKFKT-ZD-001)。

摘　　要：2020年底,FDA紧急批准了两种mRNA疫苗(BNT162b2和m RNA-1273),为应对COVID-19大流行提供了重要支撑。这些基于非病毒载体的COVID-19疫苗取得的巨大成功,推动了mRNA疫苗在肿瘤等疾病治疗领域的研究和应用。与基于病毒的递送系统相比,非病毒载体在生物安全性和多功能性方面具有重大优势。因此,非病毒载体已成为mRNA肿瘤疫苗开发的研究热点。本文重点介绍了非病毒载体的最新研发进展,包括脂质纳米颗粒、聚合物、肽类和无机材料等。此外,本文还概述了mRNA肿瘤疫苗临床试验的最新进展并讨论了非病毒载体在m RNA肿瘤疫苗临床转化面临的挑战以及未来的前景。At the end of 2020,the FDA issued emergency use authorization for two mRNA vaccines(BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273),which had provided important support in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic.The great success of these COVID-19 vaccines based on non-viral vectors has promoted the research and application of mRNA vaccines in the treatment of diseases such as tumors.Compared with virus-based delivery systems,non-viral carriers have significant advantages in biological safety and versatility.Therefore,non-viral vectors have become a research hotshot for mRNA tumor vaccines.In this paper,the latest research progress on lipid nanoparticles,polymers,peptides and inorganic materials were introduced.In addition,recent clinical trials of mRNA tumor vaccines were reviewed and the challenges and prospects of non-viral vectors in clinical transformation of mRNA tumor vaccines were discussed.

关 键 词：非病毒载体 mRNA疫苗 肿瘤疫苗 免疫治疗 

分 类 号：R392-33[医药卫生—免疫学]