《汉藏史集》载“茶叶在西藏出现”故事源流考  

A Study on the Story of the Origin of Tea in Tibetan Areas According to“Rgya Bod Yig Tshang Chen Mo”

作　　者：多杰 Dorje(Library of Qinghai Minzu University,Xining,Qinghai 810007)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学图书馆,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《青海民族大学学报(藏文版)》2024年第4期61-74,共14页Journal of qinghai minzu University:Tibetan Version

摘　　要：《汉藏史集》(全名为《汉藏史集—贤者喜乐瞻部洲明鉴》),是达仓•班觉桑布于1434年撰写的一部通史体裁名著,它不仅是最早详细记载元中央政府与西藏地方政府之间政教关系、西藏的括户、征收赋税、卫藏十三万户的划分、历任萨迦本钦和萨迦囊钦委任等方面的珍贵文献,也是目前存世记载藏族饮食文化中藏茶起源、茶树种类、生长环境、茶汁特征、烹饪方式、功效等的早期藏茶典籍之一。通过历史文献考证,青藏高原不但有野生茶树,而且藏族先民命其名为槚,在赞普松赞干布之前就有饮茶的生活习俗。自从文成公主入藏以后,开辟了唐蕃之间政治、经济、文化的交流渠道,为唐朝生产的茶叶输入藏族聚居区创造了前所未有的良好条件,并推动了汉藏茶马贸易的兴起。此外,对赞普都松芒波杰时期西藏出现茶叶的历史缘由,以及“神鸟衔茶”为赞普治病的故事流变等进行深入分析,结合当时的社会环境、生活习俗、历史文化,提出这一时期,川滇地区向西藏输入了一种有别于藏地本土茶的新茶种的学术观点,并揭示了茶叶不仅是连接汉藏民族之间一条重要的经济、政治和文化纽带,同时也是促成汉藏文明发生交往交流交融的历史见证,在联系汉藏两个文明中具有重要作用和深远的历史意义。“Rgya Bod YigTshang Chen Mo”is a Tibetan historical book written by the famous Tibetan historian Datsang Banjue Sangpo in 1434 during the Ming Dynasty.It is also one of the early classics that record the origin of tea in Tibetan areas,the types of tea trees,the growing environment,the characteristics of tea juice,the cooking methods,and the effects of Tibetan food culture.Using the research methods of historical literature and textual research,this paper expounds that there are not only wild tea trees in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,but also the custom of drinking tea before Songtsen Gampo of Tubo Period.At the same time,this paper analyzes the historical reasons for the emergence of tea in Tibetan areas during the time of Zanpu Dusong Mangpo Je,as well as the evolution of the story of the divine bird taking tea to cure Zanpu’s disease.Based on the social environment,living customs,and historical culture at that time,the academic viewpoint was proposed that during the 36th generation of Tubo,Dusong Mangpo Je period,the Sichuan Yunnan region,located at the border of Han and Tibet,introduced a new tea variety to Tibet that was different from the local tea in Tibet.And it reveals that tea is not only an important economic,political,and cultural link between the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups,but also a historical witness to the exchange and integration of Han and Tibetan civilizations,playing an important role and profound historical significance in connecting the two civilizations.

关 键 词：《汉藏史集》 都松芒波杰 西藏 茶叶 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]