考虑驾驶员风险特性的公交排班优化研究  

Study on bus scheduling optimization considering driver risk characteristics

作　　者：沈梓怡 邓社军[1] 宇泓儒 窦玥 于世军[1] 刘冬梅 SHEN Ziyi;DENG Shejun;YU Hongru;DOU Yue;YU Shijun;LIU Dongmei(College of Civil Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport,Ministry of Transport,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Big Data Processing Technologies and Application for Comprehensive Transport,RIOH High Science and Technology Group,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学建筑科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]北京交通大学综合交通运输大数据应用技术交通运输行业重点实验室,北京100044 [3]中路高科交通科技集团有限公司综合交通运输大数据处理及应用技术交通运输行业研发中心,北京100088

出　　处：《扬州大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期51-56,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(23BGL278);道路交通安全管控技术国家工程研究中心开放课题(2024GCZXKFKT04A);扬州市科技局社会发展计划资助项目(YZ2024070)。

摘　　要：为提升公交行车安全性,量化解析各驾驶员在不同时空条件下的动态行车风险特性,并以此为约束条件建立公交排班优化模型。首先,基于公交历史预警数据,运用熵权法解析公交驾驶员在不同复杂环境下的风险特性;其次,针对具体的公交线路构建车辆运行风险最小的目标函数,以不同驾驶员的风险特性为基本约束条件对排班表进行优化重构,运用拟伏格尔法-改进模拟退火算法进行求解;最后,以镇江公交3号线的实际运行数据为例,对模型进行验证分析。研究结果表明,优化后的公交运行整体安全性评价值提升7.22%,其中高风险的班次链安全性评价值提升40%以上。相关成果可为我国公交安全运行与管理提供理论指导和应用参考。To improve the safety of bus operations,this study quantifies and analyzes the dynamic driving risk characteristics of drivers under different spatiotemporal conditions and establishes an optimized bus scheduling model using these characteristics as constraints.First,based on the his-torical transit warning data of public transport,the entropy weight method is applied to analyze the risk characteristics of public transport drivers in different complex environments.Secondly,a risk-minimization objective function is constructed for specific bus routes,and the schedule table is opti-mized and reconstructed with the risk characteristics of different drivers as the basic constraint con-ditions.The optimization problem is solved using a hybrid Vogel's approximation method and an improved simulated annealing algorithm.Finally,the model is validated and analyzed taking the actual operation data of Zhenjiang Bus Line 3 as an example.The results indicate that the overall safety score of the optimized bus operations is increased by 7.22%,and the safety score of high-risk shift chains is increased by more than 40%.The relevant results can provide theoretical guidance and application references for the safety management and operation of public bus systems in China.

关 键 词：城市交通 公交安全 驾驶行为风险 公交排班 模拟退火算法 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]