盆栽番茄对设施辣椒烟粉虱的诱集作用及效果分析  

Analysis of Trapping Effect of Potted Lycopersicon esculentum onBemisia tabaci in Facility Capsicum annuum

作　　者：王新霞 咸文荣[1] 刘雲祥 马永强[1] 李秋荣[1] WANG Xinxia;XIAN Wenrong;LIU Yunxiang;MA Yongqiang;LI Qiurong(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University/State Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xi'ning,Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management,Xi'ning 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院/农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《植物医学》2025年第1期37-44,共8页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发项目尖扎县特色蔬菜产业关键技术研究与应用示范(2022YFD1602402);青海省科技援青合作专项(2021QY212)。

摘　　要：烟粉虱是一种全球性害虫,对设施蔬菜的危害尤为严重。生产过程中,长期大量使用杀虫剂导致了抗药性、再猖獗以及农药残留超标等“3R”问题。为安全有效地降低辣椒植株上的烟粉虱虫口密度,减少施药频次,基于烟粉虱对不同寄主植物存在偏好的现象,开展室内选择性实验。首先在室内研究了烟粉虱对番茄和辣椒的选择性。结果表明,选择番茄的成虫数量约为选择辣椒的2倍,番茄上的着卵量是辣椒上的1.42倍,这表明烟粉虱更倾向于取食番茄。在温室烟粉虱发生期,将健康盆栽番茄移入辣椒温室的处理区内(处理区与对照区提前用纱网隔开),通过调查移入盆栽番茄前、后处理区与对照区烟粉虱的虫口密度,研究番茄对烟粉虱的诱集效果。结果表明,盆栽番茄可诱集更多的烟粉虱成虫在其植株上取食和产卵,移入番茄60 d后,其对成虫及产卵的诱集率分别为55.14%和38.58%,对成虫和若虫的防治效果分别达到63.13%和44.51%,移入番茄对于辣椒的烟粉虱防治有一定的效果。Bemisia tabaci is a worldwide pest,particularly harmful to facility vegetables.Due to the long-term and extensive use of pesticides in production,it has led to the problems of pesticide resistance,resurgence and excessive pesticide residues.In order to safely and effectively reduce the population density of B.tabaci on Capsicum annuum and minimize the frequency of pesticide application,based on the phenomenon that B.tabaci has preference for different host plants,the indoor selective experiments were carried out.It was found that the number of adult insects chose tomato plants was about twice that of chose chili plants,and the number of eggs laid on tomato plants was 1.42 times that of on chili plants,indicating that tobacco whiteflies were more tended to feed on tomato plants.Potted tomato plants were moved into treatment plots of greenhouse(treatment plots were separated from control plots in advance with nets)during the occurrence of pests on chili plants.By investigating the population density of B.tabaciin the treatment and control areas before and after potted tomato plants moved in,the trapping effect of tomato plants on B.tabaci was studied.The results show that potted tomato plants can attract more adults to feed and lay eggs.The trapping rate were 55.14%,38.58%for adult insects and oviposition,respectively,and the control effect were 63.13%,44.51%for adult insects and nymphs,respectively.Tomato plants has a certain effect on controlling B.tabaci on chili plants.

关 键 词：烟粉虱 辣椒 番茄 诱集植物 防治 

分 类 号：S436.418.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]