棉花萌发出苗期耐盐性鉴定和评价  

Identification and Evaluation of Cotton Salt Tolerance during Germination and Seedling Stages

作　　者：王晓歌 高利英 邓永胜 申贵芳[1] 孔凡金 段冰[1] 王宗文[1] 徐东东 刘霏 韩宗福[1] Wang Xiaoge;Gao Liying;Deng Yongsheng;Shen Guifang;Kong Fanjin;Duan Bing;Wang Zongwen;Xu Dongdong;Liu Fei;Han Zongfu(Institute of Industrial Crops,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement and Cultivation Physiology in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业农村部黄淮海棉花遗传改良与栽培生理重点实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第2期29-37,共9页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程人才类任务项目(CXGC2022E06,CXGC2023F06);山东省农业良种工程项目(2021LZGC025,2022LZGC022);山东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(SDAIT-03-02);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2023A05,CXGC2024A02)。

摘　　要：我国盐碱地面积巨大,且有进一步增加的趋势,充分开发、利用盐碱地对保障耕地面积和维护国家农业安全有重大意义。棉花是盐碱地的先锋作物,但不同棉花材料的耐盐性差异较大,进行棉花耐盐鉴定,筛选耐盐棉花材料对盐碱地棉花种植十分重要。本研究用浓度为300 mmol/L NaCl溶液对58份棉花材料进行盐胁迫处理,测定其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、株高、地上部干重、地下部干重,计算其相对值后进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,58份棉花材料可分为高抗盐(5份材料)、抗盐(11份材料)、耐盐(22份材料)、不耐盐(16份材料)、盐敏感(4份材料)5个等级。进一步通过逐步回归分析建立起性状指标与耐盐综合评分的最优回归方程D=-0.775+0.569XGR+0.720XGE+0.404XSW+0.410XRW,构建了棉花萌发出苗期耐盐性鉴定方法,这可为棉花耐盐种质鉴定和盐碱地植棉研究提供理论依据。The huge and increasing area of saline-alkali land in China highlights the importance of fully developing and utilizing the resources to ensure arable land availability and maintain national agricultural security.Cotton is a pioneer crop in saline-alkali land,but there is significant variation in salt tolerance among different cotton materials.Therefore,it is crucial to identify and select salt-tolerant cotton materials for planting in saline-alkali land.In this study,58 cotton materials were subjected to salt stress with NaCl solution at 300 mmol/L,and then the germination rate,germination vigor,germination index,plant height,aboveground dry weight and underground dry weight were measured,and their relative values were calculated and analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis.The results demonstrated that the 58 materials were divided into five categories including high-salt-resistant category(5 materials),salt-resistant category(11 materials),salt-tolerant category(22 materials),non-salt-tolerant category(16 materials),and salt-sensitive category(4 materials).Furthermore,an optimal regression equation of trait indicators and comprehensive salt tolerance scores,D=-0.775+0.569XGR+0.720XGE+0.404XSW+0.410XRW,was established using stepwise regression analysis,so an evaluation method for cotton salt tolerance during germination and seedling stage,which could provide a theoretical foundation for identifying salt-tolerant cotton germplasms.

关 键 词：棉花 耐盐鉴定 萌发出苗期 主成分分析 聚类分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]