外源褪黑素对高粱苗期冷害的缓解作用研究  

Research on Alleviating Effect of Exogenous Melatonin on Cold Damage to Sorghum at Seedling Stage

作　　者：周光怡 刘晓娟 王睿 安玉霞 覃显娇 任明见[1] 王运帮 Zhou Guangyi;Liu Xiaojuan;Wang Rui;An Yuxia;Qin Xianjiao;Ren Mingjian;Wang Yunbang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University/Guizhou Sub-center of National Wheat Improvement Center,Guiyang 550025,China;Maotai Town Qianguo Wine Co.,Ltd.,in Renhuai City of Guizhou Province,Renhuai 564500,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院/国家小麦改良中心贵州分中心,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省仁怀市茅台镇黔国酒业有限公司,贵州仁怀564500

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第2期55-63,共9页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2022〕重点026);贵州省十大工业(优质烟酒)产业振兴专项资金项目(黔财工〔2020〕198);贵州省2023年省级绿色高产高效建设项目(S2023-002);仁怀市科技计划项目(仁科支撑〔2023〕07号)。

摘　　要：低温对高粱幼苗往往产生不可逆的损伤,为明确外源褪黑素(MT)预处理对低温下高粱幼苗冷害的缓解效应,本研究首先进行不同浓度褪黑素对低温胁迫下高粱幼苗生态生理影响试验,以筛选出最适褪黑素浓度,之后再设置常温对照(CK)、常温+褪黑素(CK+MT)、低温对照(LT)、低温+褪黑素(LT+MT)共4个处理,研究褪黑素预处理对低温下高粱幼苗冷害的缓解作用。结果表明,200μmol/L褪黑素预处理对高粱幼苗冷害的缓解效果最好,外源褪黑素通过促进高粱幼苗光合色素的合成、提高抗氧化酶活性、加强细胞膜的稳定性、增加渗透调节物质含量、提高AsA-GSH循环效率来缓解其在低温胁迫下的损伤并促进植株生长。此外,外源褪黑素预处理下高粱幼苗的生长素、吲哚丁酸、赤霉素A1、赤霉素A7以及脱落酸这5种内源激素的含量大多显著上升,吲哚甲酸、赤霉素A3、茉莉酸和二氢茉莉酸这4种内源激素的含量都显著下降。该研究结果可为使用褪黑素缓解高粱幼苗冷害提供参考。Low temperature often produces irreversible damage to sorghum seedlings.In order to clarify the alleviating effect of exogenous melatonin(MT)pretreatment on sorghum seedlings under low temperature,the experiment on the ecophysiological effects of different MT concentrations on sorghum seedlings under lowtemperature stress was conducted firstly in order to screen out the optimum MT concentration,and then four treatments of ambient temperature control(CK),ambient temperature+melatonin(CK+MT),low-temperature control(LT)and low temperature+melatonin(LT+MT)were set to study the alleviating effect of MT pretreatment on cold damage to sorghum seedlings.The results showed that 200μmol/L MT pretreatment had the best effect on alleviating cold damage to sorghum seedlings through promoting the synthesis of photosynthet-ic pigments,increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes,enhancing the stability of cell membranes,increasing the content of osmotic substances,and improving the efficiency of AsA-GSH cycle,so as to promote the growth of plants.In addition,the content of indoleacetic acid,indolebutyric acid,gibberellin A1,gibberellin A7 and abscisic acid were mostly significantly increased,and that of indolecarboxylic acid,gibberellin A3,jasmonic acid and dihydrojasmonic acid were significantly decreased in the sorghum seedlings under exogenous MT pretreatment.The results of this study might provide a reference for the use of MT to alleviate cold damage to sorghum seedlings.

关 键 词：高粱 褪黑素 低温胁迫 生理机制 内源激素 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]