富氢营养液对盐胁迫下番茄幼苗形态及生理活动的影响  

Effects of Hydrogen-Rich Nutrient Solution on Morphology and Physiological Activities of Tomato Seedlings under Salt Stress

作　　者：姜曰涛 张顺智 王富[1] 王辉[1] Jiang Yuetao;Zhang Shunzhi;Wang Fu;Wang Hui(College of Horticulture,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学园艺学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第2期73-77,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程)项目(2022LZGC005);中央引导地方科技发展专项(23-1-3-2-zyyd-nsh)。

摘　　要：本试验采用1/2霍格兰营养液中加入不同浓度氢气(H2)的方法,研究不同浓度氢营养液处理(H2饱和度分别为25%、50%、75%、100%,对应处理编号分别为S+0.25H、S+0.50H、S+0.75H、S+1.00H)对盐胁迫下(S处理,100 mmol/L NaCl)番茄幼苗形态及生理指标的影响。结果表明,与单一盐胁迫处理(S)相比,较高浓度氢气处理(S+0.50H、S+0.75H)显著提高盐胁迫下番茄幼苗株高、茎粗、地上部干重、地下部干重及壮苗指数,显著增加盐胁迫下幼苗叶片光合色素含量,显著提高盐胁迫下幼苗叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr),并显著降低胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci);显著提高幼苗叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性且与浇1/2霍格兰营养液的对照(CK)差异不显著或高于对照;适中浓度氢气处理(S+0.50H)能显著提高盐胁迫下幼苗叶片PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)和表观电子传递速率(ETR),并显著降低最小荧光(Fo)。另外,随着营养液中氢气浓度的增加,盐胁迫下番茄幼苗叶片丙二醛含量逐渐降低,但均显著高于对照。综上,富氢营养液能够缓解盐胁迫对番茄幼苗形态及生理活动的抑制,其效果以适中浓度氢气处理(S+0.50H)为佳。In this study,the main morphological and physiological indexes of tomato seedlings under 100 mmol/L NaCl stress(S treatment)were determined by applying different concentrations of H2 in 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution.The H2 saturability was set as 25%,50%,75%and 100%,which was marked as 0.25H,0.50H,0.75H and 1.00H.The results showed that compared with S treatment,higher concentrations of hydrogen treatments(S+0.50H,S+0.75H)significantly increased the plant height,stem diameter,aboveground dry weight,underground dry weight and seedling index of tomato seedlings,the photosynthetic pigment content in leaves,and the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)of leaves,and significantly reduced the intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci);they also significantly increased the activities of SOD,POD and CAT,but there were no significant difference with the control(CK,1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution).Moderate concentration of hydrogen treatment(S+0.50H)significantly im-proved the maximum photochemical quantum yield of the reaction center PSⅡ(Fv/Fm),actual light quantum yield of PSⅡ(ΦPSⅡ),coefficient of photochemical quenching(qP)and apparent electron transport rate(ETR)of tomato seedling leaves under salt stress,and significantly reduced the initial fluorescence(Fo).In addition,with the increase of hydrogen concentration in nutrient solution,the content of malonaldehyde in tomato seedling leaves under salt stress decreased gradually,but all were significantly higher compared to CK.In summary,hydrogen-rich nutrient solution could alleviate the inhibition of salt stress to morphology and physiological activities of tomato seedlings,and the S+0.50H treatment had the best effects.

关 键 词：富氢营养液 番茄 幼苗形态 光合作用 盐胁迫 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]