北京市西城区0~6岁儿童心理行为发育问题预警征象筛查情况及影响因素分析  

An Analysis of Early Warning Signs and Influencing Factors for Psychological and Behavioral Development Problems in Scattered Children Aged 0-6 in Xicheng District,Beijing

作　　者：张伯昕 雷伊萌 崔金玉 ZHANG Bo-xin;LEI Yi-meng;CUI Jin-yu

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区妇幼保健院儿童保健中心,北京100054

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2025年第2期193-197,共5页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的 了解北京市西城区6岁以下儿童心理行为发育问题预警征象筛查情况及影响因素。方法 收集北京市西城区7家社区卫生服务中心(原西城区全部社区卫生服务中心)2016~2021年0~6岁儿童年报表及预警征阳性个案,描述预警征筛查阳性的发生情况。将筛查阳性儿童作为病例组,按1:2配对原则选取同机构、同龄筛查阴性儿童作为对照组,比较两组儿童的社会人口学因素、儿童营养状况及孕产期情况。结果 西城区预警征筛查总阳性率为0.82%,0岁组儿童以大运动能区筛查阳性率最高,为75.00%。1岁组、2岁组、3岁组儿童均以语言能区筛查阳性率高,分别为57.69%、85.21%、61.82%。多因素分析显示,出生体重2500 g及以上是预警征阳性的保护性因素[OR(95%CI)=0.198(0.073~0.538),P=0.001]。结论 关注儿童心理行为发育进程,促进儿童各能区发育。对于具有高危因素的孕妇应及早采取预防措施,以减少低出生体重儿童的发生。Objective To understand the screening status and influencing factors of early warning signs for psychological and behavioral development problems in children under 6 years old in Xicheng District,Beijing.Method We collected annual reports and positive cases of early warning signs for children under the age of 0-6 from 7 community health service centers in Xicheng District,Beijing(formerly all community health service centers in Xicheng District)from 2016 to 2021,and described the occurrence of positive early warning signs screening.We selected the children who failed in the screening as the case group,and those who pased screening at the same institution and age as the control group according to the 1:2 pairing principle.We compared the social demographic factors,child nutritional status,and pregnancy and childbirth situation between the two groups.Results The total positive rate of early warning sign screening in Xicheng District was 0.82%,with the highest positive rate of 75%among children in the group of newbom infants.Children in groups of 1,2 and 3 years were found to have high positive rates for language proficiency screening,with 57.69%,85.21%,and 61.82%,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that a birth weight of 2500g or above was a protective factor for positive warning signs[OR(95%CI)=0.198(0.073-0.538),P=0.001].Conclusion Pay attention to the process of children's psychological and behavioral development and promote the development of various functional areas in children.Pregnant women with high-risk factors should take early preventive measures to reduce the incidence of low birth weight children.

关 键 词：心理行为 预警征 影响因素 

分 类 号：G762[文化科学—特殊教育学]