血液标本采集对血液检验分析的影响及干预控制措施分析  

Analysis of the impact of blood sample collection on blood test analysis and intervention control measures

作　　者：王一清 李波 WANG Yi-qing;LI Bo(Qingdao Central Blood Station,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市中心血站,266000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2025年第4期74-76,共3页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析血液标本采集对血液检验分析的影响以及干预控制措施。方法采集无偿献血者血液标本50845份,分两支抗凝管存放,其中一支为采血量>4/5抗凝管,另一支为采血量<4/5抗凝管,进行离心处理20 min,常规分离血清,对丙氨酸氨基转移酶、血红蛋白进行测定。比较不同采血量抗凝管的血液标本检验分析结果(丙氨酸氨基转移酶、血红蛋白),观察检验分析结果出现误差情况及误差原因。结果采血量>4/5抗凝管血液标本的丙氨酸氨基转移酶、血红蛋白检出值分别为(28.13±1.26)U/L、(130.28±1.27)g/L,均显著高于采血量<4/5抗凝管血液标本的(23.12±1.33)U/L、(145.29±1.04)g/L,差异显著且有统计学意义(P<0.05)。50845份血液标本中,共出现误差标本123份,占比为0.24%(123/50845),其中采血部位不当28份(22.76%,28/123),采血量不合理19份(15.45%,19/123),放置时间过长58份(47.15%,58/123),采血时机不当18份(14.63%,18/123)。其中放置时间过长占比显著高于其他误差原因。结论血液检验分析结果会直接受到血液标本采集质量及其控制措施的影响,血站需要加强对采血人员的专业培训工作,把握影响血液标本采集质量的一系列因素,并加强质量控制措施,以提高采集质量,保障血液检验分析结果,确保无偿献血者血液标本采集质量得到有效控制。Objective To analyze the impact of blood sample collection on blood test analysis and intervention control measures.Methods 50845 blood samples from unpaid blood donors were collected and stored in two anticoagulant tubes,one of which was a blood collection volume>4/5 of the anticoagulant tube and the other was a blood collection volume<4/5 of the anticoagulant tube.The samples were centrifuged for 20 min,and the serum was routinely separated and alanine aminotransferase and hemoglobin were determined.The analysis results of blood samples(alanine aminotransferase,hemoglobin)of anticoagulant tubes with different blood collection volumes were compared,and the errors and reasons for the errors in the results were observed.Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase and hemoglobin in blood samples with blood volume>4/5 of the anticoagulant tube were(28.13±1.26)U/L and(130.28±1.27)g/L,which were significantly higher than(23.12±1.33)U/L and(145.29±1.04)g/L in blood samples with blood volume<4/5 of the anticoagulant tube.The difference was significant and statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the 50845 blood samples,there were 123 error samples,accounting for 0.24%(123/50845),among which 28 samples(22.76%,28/123)had inappropriate blood collection sites,19 samples(15.45%,19/123)had inappropriate blood collection volumes,58 samples(47.15%,58/123)had long storage time,and 18 samples(14.63%,18/123)had inappropriate blood collection timing.The percentage of long storage time was significantly higher than other error reasons.Conclusion The results of blood test analysis are directly affected by the quality of blood sample collection and its control measures.Blood stations need to strengthen professional training for blood collection personnel,grasp a series of factors that affect the quality of blood sample collection,and strengthen quality control measures to improve the quality of collection,ensure the results of blood test analysis,and ensure effective control of the quality of blood sample collection of unpaid bl

关 键 词：血液检验 血液标本采集 影响 质量控制措施 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]