我院中药注射液的不良反应发生情况及其药学服务对策分析  

The occurrence of adverse reactions of Chinese medicine injection in our hospital and the analysis of its pharmaceutical care countermeasures

作　　者：袁忞敏[1] 高明[1] 蒋涵 严文杰 YUAN Min-min;GAO Ming;JIANG Han(Department of Pharmaceutical Affairs,Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University(Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University),Changzhou 213017,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学附属武进医院(徐州医科大学武进临床学院)药事科,213017

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2025年第4期154-158,共5页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解江苏大学附属武进医院2022~2024年中药注射液的不良反应发生情况,分析其特点和规律,制定相应的预防和改进措施,为指导临床合理用药提供参考。方法收集本院药事科2022年1月~2024年7月不良反应报告病例367例,筛选出涉及中药注射液不良反应的报告病例41例,采用Excel表格对所涉及患者的基本情况、涉及药物品种、累及器官和系统及其临床表现、发生时间、不合理用药情况进行统计分析。结果本院2022年1月~2024年7月涉及中药注射液不良反应共41例,一般的药物不良反应36例,占比为87.80%;新的药物不良反应5例,占比为12.20%。严重的药物不良反应5例,占比为12.20%。男性占比为39.02%,女性占比为60.98%;患者年龄6~99岁,平均60.29岁,其中≥60岁的老年患者占比为53.66%。41例中药注射液不良反应共涉及22种药物,其中痰热清注射液占比最高,为14.63%。41例中药注射液药物不良反应中累及器官和系统占比最高的是皮肤及其附件,为68.29%,其次是神经系统,占比为12.20%。41例中药注射液不良反应的发生时间中占比最高的是用药后0.5~2.0 h,为36.59%,其次是用药后2.1~24.0 h,占比为29.27%。41例中药注射液不良反应中只有4例(9.76%)是由用药不合理导致的,其中合并用药不当1例,溶媒选择不当2例,给药速度过快1例。结论江苏大学附属武进医院发生的中药注射液不良反应中大部分是一般不良反应,为了保证用药安全,要做好不良反应报告的药学服务对策研究,重视不良反应上报工作,规范临床用药,加强用药监测,减少和预防中药注射液不良反应的发生。Objective To understand the occurrence of adverse reactions to Chinese medicine injections at Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University,in 2022-2024,analyze their characteristics and patterns,formulate corresponding preventive and improvement measures,and provide a reference for guiding rational clinical drug use.Methods A total of 367 reports of adverse drug reactions were collected from the pharmaceutical affairs department of our hospital from January 2022 to July 2024,and 41 reports involving Chinese medicine injection were screened out.The basic information,drug varieties,organs and systems involved and its clinical manifestations,occurrence time,and irrational drug use of the patients involved were statistically analyzed using Excel tables.Results The adverse drug reaction reports of our hospital from January 2022 to July 2024 involved a total of 41 cases of Chinese medicine injection,including 36 cases of general adverse drug reactions,accounting for 87.80%;5 cases of new adverse drug reactions,accounting for 12.20%;5 cases of severe adverse drug reactions,accounting for 12.20%.The proportion of males was 39.02%and that of females was 60.98%;the age of patients ranged from 6 to 99 years old,with an average of 60.29 years old,of which 53.66%were aged≥60 years old.The 41 cases of adverse reactions to Chinese medicine injections involved 22 varieties,with Tanreqing Injection accounting for the highest proportion at 14.63%.Among the 41 cases of adverse drug reactions of Chinese medicine injection,the highest percentage of organs and systems involved was the skin and its appendages with 68.29%,followed by the nervous system with 12.20%;the highest incidence of adverse drug reactions occurred at 0.5-2.0 h after administration,accounting for 68.29%,followed by the nervous system,accounting for 12.20%;only 4 cases(9.76%)were caused by irrational drug use,including 1 case of improper drug combination,2 cases of improper solvent selection,and 1 case of rapid administration.Conclusion Most of the adverse reac

关 键 词：中药注射液 不良反应 合理用药 前置审方 药学服务 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]