新能源视角下绿色出行策略研究——考虑企业内部激励的演化博弈分析  

Green Travel Strategies from the Perspective of New Energy:An Evolutionary Game Analysis Considering Internal Incentives in Enterprises

作　　者：汪洋 张春勤[1] 蒋紫艳[2] 路熙 WANG Yang;ZHANG Chunqin;JIANG Ziyan;LU Xi(Architectural Engineering Institute,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310000,China;School of Economics and Management,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310000 [2]宁夏大学经济管理学院,宁夏银川750021 [3]交通运输部科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《交通运输研究》2025年第1期16-29,38,共15页Transport Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72274178,71901196);综合交通运输大数据应用技术交通运输行业重点实验室开放课题(2023B1203);城市公共交通智能化交通运输行业重点实验室开放课题(2023-APTS-01)。

摘　　要：为引导居民选择绿色出行策略,以演化博弈论为基础,从推广新能源应用的视角出发,构建政府-公众-企业的三方演化博弈模型,探讨不同参数对各主体策略选择的影响,并分析各主体策略变化对博弈系统演化的潜在影响。研究结果表明:相较于直接给予补贴,政府基于企业绿色技术创新的成果考核调整补贴额度更有利于促使企业选择绿色技术创新策略;政府对于碳税和能源税征收力度的变化会改变企业选择绿色技术创新策略的演化速率,且相较于能源税,碳税的影响力度更大;针对企业采取不同策略时能源税的征收力度,等比调节比等额调节的效果更为显著;在探究绿色出行额外成本对居民策略选择的影响时,相较于政府,企业的策略选择对居民选择绿色出行策略的演化速率的影响更为显著;企业采取绿色技术创新增加的额外收益会形成内部激励,进而促使企业选择绿色技术创新策略,并且收益受到政府和公众策略选择的影响。基于上述研究结果,建议政府基于企业绿色技术创新的成果考核给予企业相应的补贴;丰富监管惩戒的审核标准,重视企业生产过程中的碳排放和能源使用情况,针对企业采取不同策略时所需缴纳的能源税采取等比调节的方法;在完善城市路网规划的同时,督促企业进行生产转型,降低公众的绿色出行成本;构建健康稳定的绿色出行市场,提高企业进行绿色技术创新的额外收益,激发企业绿色创新的内部动力源。To guide residents to choose green travel strategies,based on evolutionary game theory and from the perspective of promoting the application of new energy,a tripartite evolutionary game model of government-public-enterprise is constructed to explore the impact of different parameters on the strategy choices of each subject,and analyze the potential impacts of changes in each subject′s strategy on the evolution of the game system.The research results indicate that compared to directly providing subsidies,adjusting the subsidy amount based on the assessment of green technology innovation achievements by enterprises is more conducive to encouraging enterprises to choose green technology innovation strategies;The changes of collection intensity in carbon and energy taxes imposed by the government will alter the evolution rate of enterprises′choices of green technology innovation strategies,and compared to energy taxes,carbon taxes have a greater impact;The effect of proportional adjustment is more significant than that of equal-amount adjustment in terms of the collection intensity of energy taxes when different strategies are adopted by enterprises;When exploring the impact of additional costs of green travel on residents′strategic choices,compared to the government,the impact of corporate strategic choices on the evolution rate of residents′choice of green travel strategies is more significant;The additional benefits generated by enterprises adopting green technology innovation will form internal incentives,which will in turn encourage enterprises to choose green technology innovation strategies,and the benefits will be influenced by the government and public strategy choices.Based on the above research results,it is recommended that the government should provide corresponding subsidies to enterprises based on the assessment of their achievements in green technology innovation;Enrich the audit standards for regulatory penalties,pay attention to the carbon emissions and energy use in the production process o

关 键 词：绿色出行 新能源 三方演化博弈 策略选择 潜在影响 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F570[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]