基于结构方程模型的安徽省土壤有机碳密度影响因素分析  

Analysis of Factors Affecting Soil Organic Carbon Density in Anhui Province Based on Structural Equation Modelling

作　　者：谷欣逾 赵明松[1,2,3] 李欣雨 祁奥 姜宗德 GU Xin-yu;ZHAO Ming-song;LI Xin-yu;QI Ao;JIANG Zong-de(School of Geomatics,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Key Laboratory of Aviation-aerospace-ground Cooperative Monitoring and Early Warning of Coal Mining-induced Disasters of Anhui Higher Education Institutes,Huainan 232001,China;Coal Industry Engineering Research Center of Collaborative Monitoring of Mining Area s Environment and Disasters,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学空间信息与测绘工程学院,淮南232001 [2]矿山采动灾害空天地协同监测与预警安徽省教育厅重点实验室,淮南232001 [3]矿区环境与灾害协同监测煤炭行业工程研究中心,淮南232001

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第7期2673-2682,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(2208085MD88)。

摘　　要：研究土壤有机碳密度的影响因素,对调节气候变化、农业可持续发展等具有重要意义。以安徽省为例,估算0~10cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm和30~100 cm土层的土壤有机碳密度(soil organic carbon density, SOCD),运用结构方程模型分析气候、地形、植被、土壤含水量、人类活动等环境因子对SOCD的影响。结果表明:(1)在0~30 cm土层中SOCD呈现逐渐降低的趋势,0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~30 cm 3个土层的SOCD平均值分别为2.09、1.63和1.10 kg/m2;30~100 cm土层的SOCD平均值为4.46 kg/m2;(2)全省土壤有机碳密度空间分布呈自北向南方向逐渐增长趋势。0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层SOCD高于5.00 kg/m2的区域主要分布在江淮丘陵区和沿江平原区;20~30 cm土层SOCD高于3.00 kg/m2的区域呈点状分布在皖南丘陵山区;30~100 cm SOCD的高值主要分布在皖南山地丘陵区;(3)在0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~30 cm土层的结构方程模型中,土地利用对SOCD的正向影响最大,影响系数分别为0.22、0.20、0.22,年均温对SOCD的负向影响最大,影响系数为-0.04、-0.03、-0.03。30~100 cm土层中受到年降雨量的影响最大,但土地利用和归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI)的影响并不显著(p>0.05)。地形通过土地利用、NDVI、年降水量和年均温4个路径影响SOCD。人类足迹通过NDVI影响SOCD,对NDVI的影响达到极显著水平(p<0.001)。本研究构建的结构方程模型初步说明了不同环境因子之间的关系,对SOCD的调节和农业可持续发展提供了理论依据。Research on the factors affecting soil organic carbon density is of great significance for regulating climate change and sustainable agricultural development.Previous studies have mainly explored the relationship between various factors(e.g.,climate,altitude,soil physicochemical properties,etc.)and the influence of soil organic carbon density,but less involved in the interaction relationship between factors.Typical soil profiles were collected in Anhui Province to estimate the soil organic carbon density(SOCD)in the 0~10 cm,10~20 cm,20~30 cm and 30~100 cm soil horizons.The structural equation model was used to analyze the effects of climate,elevation,vegetation,soil water content,human activities and other environmental factors on SOCD.The results are as follows.In the 0~30 cm soil layer,SOCD show a gradually decreasing trend,and the average SOCD in the 0~10 cm,10~20 cm and 20~30 cm soil layers were 2.09,1.63 and 1.10 kg/m 2,respectively.The average SOCD of 30~100 cm soil layer is 4.46 kg/m 2.The spatial distribution of SOCD in the province gradually increased from north to south.The SOCD of 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layer is higher than 5.00 kg/m-2,mainly distributed in the Jianghuai hilly downland and the Riverine Plain.The areas with SOCD higher than 3.00 kg/m 2 in the 20~30 cm soil layer were distributed in the South Anhui hilly region.The high SOCD values of 30~100 cm are mainly distributed in the South Anhui hilly region.In the structural equation model of 0~10 cm,10~20 cm and 20~30 cm soil layer,land use has the largest positive influence on SOCD,and the influence coefficients are 0.22,0.20 and 0.22,respectively.The average annual temperature has the largest negative influence on SOCD,and the influence coefficients are-0.04 and-0.03.Annual rainfall was the most significant in 30~100 cm soil layer,but land use and NDVI were not significantly affected(p>0.05).Topography affects SOCD through four paths:land use,NDVI,annual precipitation and average annual temperature.Human footprint affected SOCD through NDVI

关 键 词：土壤有机碳密度 结构方程模型 空间分布 影响因素 安徽省 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]