Study on the damage mechanism of high-speed turnout switch rails on large ramps  

大坡道上高速道岔转辙器尖轨的损伤机制研究

作　　者：WANG Kai ZHU Hui XU Jing-mang BAI Tao-shuo TIAN Chun-xiang QIAN Yao GAO Yuan CHEN Rong WANG Ping LIU Ya-nan 王凯;朱辉;徐井芒;白涛硕;田春香;钱瑶;高原;陈嵘;王平;柳亚楠(MOE Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;China Academy of Railway Science Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;China Railway Shanhaiguan Bridge Group Co.Ltd.,Qinhuangdao 066205,China)

机构地区：[1]MOE Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China [2]School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China [3]China Academy of Railway Science Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China [4]China Railway Shanhaiguan Bridge Group Co.Ltd.,Qinhuangdao 066205,China

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2025年第1期288-303,共16页中南大学学报(英文版)

基　　金：Project(2023YFB2604304)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China;Projects(52122810,51978586,51778542,U23A20666,52472458)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(K2022G034)supported by the Technology Research and Development Program of China National Railway Group Co.Ltd.;Projects(2020JDJQ0033,2023NSFSC0884)supported by Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program,China。

摘　　要：The influence of ramps on the transient rolling contact characteristics and damage mechanisms of switch rails remains unclear,presenting substantial challenges to the safety of railway operations.To this end,this paper constructs a transient rolling contact finite element model of the wheel-rail in switch under different ramps using ANSYS/LSDYNA method,and analyzes the tribology and damage characteristics when the wheel passes through the switch at a uniform speed.Our research findings reveal that the vibration induced in the switch rail during the wheel load transfer process leads to a step-like increase in the contact force.Moreover,the interaction between the wheel and the rail primarily involves slip contact,which may significantly contribute to the formation of corrugations on the switch rail.Additionally,the presence of large ramps exacerbates switch rail wear and rolling contact fatigue,resulting in a notable 13.2%increase in switch rail damage under 40‰ramp conditions compared to flat(0‰ramp)conditions.Furthermore,the large ramps can alter the direction of crack propagation,ultimately causing surface spalling of the rail.Therefore,large ramps intensify the dynamic interactions during the wheel load transfer process,further aggravating the crack and spalling damage to the switch rails.随着铁路运输的发展,高速道岔不可避免地要铺设在坡道上,但是大坡道对道岔钢轨瞬态滚动接触受力特性和伤损机制影响不清楚,给铁路安全运营带来巨大挑战。为此,本文采用ANSYS/LSDYNA显式有限元方法,构建了不同坡度下的转辙器区轮轨瞬态滚动接触有限元模型,分析了车轮匀速通过转辙器时的瞬态滚动接触受力特性以及尖轨伤损。研究结果表明,轮载转移过程中的尖轨振颤会导致接触力台阶式上升,轮轨接触主要以蠕滑为主,这可能是导致尖轨波磨的重要原因;此外大坡道会加剧尖轨磨耗和滚动接触疲劳伤损,40‰的坡度下的尖轨伤损相比于平坡条件下提高了13.2%;同时大坡道会改变裂纹萌生的方向,引起钢轨顶面的剥落掉块。大坡道会加剧轮载转移过程中的动态相互作用,加剧道岔钢轨磨耗和剥落掉块伤损。研究结论可以用于指导大坡道下高速道岔的设计和维护。

关 键 词：WEAR rolling contact fatigue high-speed turnout large ramps 

分 类 号：U216.425[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]