机械应力对上皮细胞影响的研究进展  

Research advances on the effects of mechanical forces on epithelial cells

作　　者：庞嘉越成 端木颖 靳顺欣 房筱婉 肖仕初 夏照帆 Pang Jiayuecheng;Duanmu Ying;Jin Shunxin;Fang Xiaowan;Xiao Shichu;Xia Zhaofan(Burn Institute of PLA,Department of Burn Trauma and Wound Repair,the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Shanghai 200433,China;Department of Plastic Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院烧创伤与创面修复科,全军烧伤研究所,中国医学科学院烧伤暨烧创复合伤救治关键技术创新单元,上海200433 [2]海军军医大学第一附属医院整形外科,上海200433

出　　处：《中华烧伤与创面修复杂志》2025年第2期195-200,共6页Chinese Journal of Burns And Wounds

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81930057);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2019-I2M-5-076);上海市重中之重研究中心项目(2023ZZ02013)。

摘　　要：单个或群体细胞的生物活动有多种信号通信方式,已被阐明的方式包括神经元电信号通信、激素介导的长距离通信以及细胞分泌到胞外的短程信号通信等。近来大量研究表明机械应力也参与了细胞间或细胞与外界的信息交互,尤其是上皮细胞间或上皮细胞与细胞外基质间的信号通信。由机械应力引发的细胞通信瞬时快速,且影响单个上皮细胞和上皮细胞集群的各种活动。机械应力引发的细胞通信作用介质包括肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白、细胞骨架和黏附连接等,这些介质通过机械信号触发离子流动、信号通路激活和转录因子调控等进程,由此干预细胞行为。该文从生物信号、三维折叠、集体迁移、细胞代谢、癌变和上皮-间质转化等多个方面阐述机械应力对上皮细胞的影响。There are multiple signaling communication modalities for the biological activities of single cells or groups of cells.The elucidated modalities include neuronal electrical signal communication,long-distance communication mediated by hormones,and short-range signal communication secreted by cells into the extracellular environment,etc.Recently,many studies have shown that mechanical forces are also extensively involved in the information exchange between cells or between cells and the external environment,especially in the signal communication among epithelial cells or between epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix.The cell communication triggered by mechanical forces is instantaneous and rapid,and it affects various activities of both individual epithelial cells and epithelial cell clusters.The mediators of cell communication induced by mechanical forces include actin,myosin,cytoskeleton,and adherens junctions,etc.These mediators trigger processes such as ion flow,activation of signaling pathways,and regulation of transcription factors through mechanical signals,thereby interfering with cell behaviors.This article elaborates on the impacts of mechanical forces on epithelial cells from multiple aspects,including biological signals,three-dimensional folding,collective migration,cell metabolism,carcinogenesis,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

关 键 词：生物力学现象 上皮细胞 细胞骨架 代谢 上皮-间质转化 机械应力 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]