基于叶绿素荧光成像技术的土壤含水量对除草剂药效影响研究  

Identification of the Effect of Soil Moisture Content on Herbicide Efficacy Based on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Technology

作　　者：夏宇 李慧 张彤 王沛 XIA Yu;LI Hui;ZHANG Tong;WANG Pei(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University/Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Engineering and Technology,Southwest University/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Regions,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院/长江经济带农业绿色发展研究中心,重庆400715 [2]西南大学工程技术学院/丘陵山区智能农机装备重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期10-22,共13页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32201651,32001425);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(SWU-KT22024);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0414,cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0459)。

摘　　要：农田杂草防控是提高作物产量和质量的关键环节,叶绿素荧光成像技术因其具有高灵敏度、快速响应和非破坏性监测的能力,被广泛应用于除草剂胁迫杂草的鉴定。在除草剂胁迫过程中,土壤含水量影响除草剂的药效,因此利用反枝苋作为研究对象,通过5种不同的土壤含水量(5.8%、11.6%、17.4%、23.2%、29.0%)处理,分析了3种常见除草剂(莠去津、苯磺隆、禾草灵)胁迫后反枝苋的生理指标和暗适应后的最大光量子效率(QY_(max))的变化。结果表明:莠去津和苯磺隆对反枝苋的药效明显;与空白对照相比,禾草灵胁迫下反枝苋的生理指标和QY_(max)的变化规律无差异。在5.8%土壤含水量的条件下,相较于空白对照,莠去津对反枝苋QY_(max)的影响呈现出滞后性;反枝苋受苯磺隆胁迫时,其QY_(max)的变化呈现出前期抗性后期敏感的特征。研究结果揭示了在不同土壤含水量的条件下,反枝苋面对不同种类除草剂所呈现出的荧光反应规律,这有利于高效运用叶绿素荧光成像技术开展农田杂草防控工作。Weeds management in farmland has become a key link to improve crop yield and quality.Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology has been used for identification of herbicide stress on weeds because of its non-destructive monitoring,high sensitivity and rapid response capability.Studies have shown that soil water content could affect herbicide efficacy under herbicide stress.In this study,the changes of physiological indicators and QY_(max)(maximum light quantum efficiency after dark adaptation)under the stress of three common herbicides(atrazine,bensulfuron,and grasshopper)and five different soil water content(5.8%,11.6%,17.4%,23.2%,and 29.0%)treatments on Amaranth retroflexus were analyzed.The results showed that atrazine and bensulfuron presented significant efficacy on A.retroflexus.Compared to the blank control,there was no difference in physiological indicators and QY_(max) of plants under atrazine stress with different soil water contents.The effect of atrazine stress on the plants at 5.8%soil water content had a lag in QY_(max) compared with the blank control,while the plants showed early resistance and late sensitivity in QY_(max) under bensulfuron stress.This study revealed that fluorescence response pattern of A.retroflexus is varied to different herbicides under different soil water contents,which is beneficial for better utilizing chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology to control weeds in farmland.

关 键 词：反枝苋 叶绿素荧光成像 土壤含水量 荧光信息参数 

分 类 号：S24[农业科学—农业电气化与自动化]