外源物质提高葡萄抗寒性的作用机制及其应用进展  

Mechanism and application of exogenous substances to improve cold resistance of Vitis L.

作　　者：王志磊 翟肖宇 李超 薛婷婷 徐国前[1,4,5] 要菲 张军翔 WANG Zhilei;ZHAI Xiaoyu;LI Chao;XUE Tingting;XU Guoqian;YAO Fei;ZHANG Junxiang(College of Enology and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Shanxi Ruyan Wine Industry Co.,Ltd.,Taigu 030899,China;Hedong Ecological Horticulture Experimental Center of Yinchuan,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Center of Grape and Wine Education Ministry,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Grape and Wine Engineering Technology Center,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,银川750021 [2]山西如燕酒庄有限公司,山西太谷030899 [3]银川市河东生态园艺试验中心,银川750021 [4]葡萄与葡萄酒教育部工程中心,银川750021 [5]宁夏葡萄与葡萄酒工程技术中心,银川750021

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2025年第4期119-130,共12页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2024AAC03085);国家自然科学基金项目(32460732);宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产业技术协同创新中心葡萄酒领域科技人才开放课题。

摘　　要：低温是制约全球葡萄越冬栽培发展的主要挑战之一,随着越冬保护措施的不断完善,越来越多的外源物质被用于增强葡萄的越冬抗寒性,认识和理解不同外源物质增强葡萄越冬抗寒性的作用机制能够有效帮助实施越冬保护措施。本研究通过检索国内外聚焦外源物质与葡萄抗寒性的相关文献,综述外源物质提高葡萄抗寒性的作用机制及应用进展。结果表明:1)葡萄的抗寒性受自身的遗传特性与外在因素的双重影响;2)外源物质通过影响抗寒相关基因的表达以及表达产物的运输与分配,增强葡萄的抗寒性;3)外施适宜浓度的外源物质能够有效增强葡萄的抗寒性。综上,不同外源物质增强葡萄抗寒性的作用机制不尽相同,外施适宜浓度的外源物质均可以不同程度地提高葡萄的抗寒性。本研究为如何增强葡萄抗寒性提供了一些策略和见解。Low temperature is one of the major challenges restricting the development of global viticulture during the overwintering period.With the continuous improvement of overwintering protection measures,more and more exogenous substances are used to enhance the cold resistance of grapevines during the overwintering period.Understanding the mechanism of different exogenous substances to enhance the winter resistance of grapevines can effectively help us implement overwintering protection measures.In this paper,the mechanism and application progress of exogenous substances to improve grapevine cold resistance were reviewed by collating domestic and foreign literature.The results showed as follows:1)The cold resistance of grapevine was influenced by both its genetic characteristics and external factors;2)Exogenous substances enhance the cold resistance of grapevine by affecting the expression of coldresistance-related genes,and the transport and distribution of expression products;3)Application of appropriate concentration of exogenous substances can effectively enhance the cold resistance of grapevine.In conclusion,the mechanism of enhancing grapevine cold resistance by different exogenous substances is not the same.The application of exogenous substances with appropriate concentration can effectively improve grapevine cold resistance.This study provides some strategies and insights on how to enhance the cold resistance of grapevines.

关 键 词：外源物质 生长调节剂 无机盐离子 葡萄 抗寒性 

分 类 号：S31[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]