数字经济时代算法侵权责任的理论变革与制度因应:面向风险责任理论的讨论  

Theoretical Transformation and Institutional Response of Algorithmic Tort Liability in the Digital Economy Era:A Discussion on Risk Liability Theory

作　　者：袁洋 Yuan Yang

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学民商法学院,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《中州学刊》2025年第3期66-73,共8页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“人工智能辅助发明的专利授权规则完善研究”(24BFX095);河南省哲学社会科学规划年度项目“人工智能技术视域下数字文化产业法律规制研究”(2024CFX007)。

摘　　要：数字经济时代人工智能侵权法律问题主要表现在算法领域。算法侵权根据其种类可分为平台侵权、第三人侵权、算法自动化侵权等情形,如出现大规模微型侵权,即使该侵权对于个体侵害轻微,也应认定为侵权损害,并根据不同情形采用不同方式进行规制。现阶段算法治理已从事后填补阶段逐步发展至事前预防阶段,根据风险责任理论,算法侵权应在传统侵权责任的基础上适度扩张算法受益者、算法运营者和算法管理者责任,以实现各方利益平衡,避免出现算法侵权泛滥的情况。针对算法侵权的救济问题,需要完善算法侵权责任体系及相应的赔偿制度,针对主观上存在故意和造成严重后果的算法侵权适用分级惩罚性赔偿,以更好应对算法侵权风险。The legal issues of artificial intelligence infringement in the digital economy era is mainly manifested in the field of algorithm.Algorithm infringement can be divided into platform infringement,third-party infringement,algorithm automation infringement,etc.According to the type of algorithm infringement,such as large-scale micro infringement,even if the infringement of the individual infringement of a minor,it should be recognized as infringement of damages and be regulated in different ways according to different circumstances.At present,algorithm governance has gradually developed from the post filling stage to the ex-ante prevention stage.According to the risk liability theory,algorithm infringement should moderately expand the responsibilities of algorithm beneficiaries,algorithm operators,and algorithm managers on the basis of traditional infringement liability,in order to achieve a balance of interests among all parties and avoid the proliferation of algorithm infringement.To address the issue of remedies for algorithm infringement,it is necessary to improve the algorithm infringement liability system and the corresponding compensation system.For algorithm infringement that is subjectively intentional and causes serious consequences,graded punitive damages should be applied to better cope with the risk of algorithm infringement.

关 键 词：人工智能 算法侵权 风险责任 救济制度 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]