基于KANO模型需求分析的三甲医院门诊公共空间适老化设计研究  

Research on the Aging Design of Outpatient Public Space in Class A Tertiary Hospitals based on KANO Model Requirement Analysis

作　　者：赵湉 王冰冰 ZHAO Tian;WANG Bingbing

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑与城市规划学院建筑系,北京100124

出　　处：《建筑学报》2024年第S2期169-175,共7页Architectural Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978004)

摘　　要：研究首先基于患者普遍性需求的既往成果,结合现场调研和深度访谈方法、围绕研究本体“老年人”和时代特点“智能化”两个焦点对需求进一步梳理;进而采用KANO模型展开分析,将老年人需求归为必备型、期望型和魅力型3种属性,并在不同范畴内探讨了各项需求的优先级;最后,基于必备型需求提出“必要型”设计策略、基于期望型和魅力型需求提出“可选型”设计策略。这些策略从功能布局和环境氛围这两个层面,针对医疗服务空间、等候休息空间、生活服务空间、通风和采光环境、情感环境、艺术环境6个设计重点,提出不同三甲医院可以结合自身建设条件和设计重点,采用不同层级策略有选择地应对老年人需求,逐步完成适老化设计。Firstly,based on the previous results of patients'general needs,the study combines on-site research and interviews with dialogues and further clarifies the needs by focusing on two points,namely,"the elderly"and"intelligence",which are the characteristics of the times;The KANO model was then used to develop the analysis,categorizing the needs of the elderly into three attributes:"must-be quality","one-dimensional quality",and"attractive quality",and exploring the prioritization of each of the needs within the different categories;Finally,an"essential"design strategy is proposed based on"must-be"requirements,and an"optional"design strategy is proposed based on"attractive"requirements.These strategies are proposed from two levels of functional layout and environmental atmosphere,focusing on six design priorities:medical service space,rest and waiting space,life service space,ventilation and lighting environment,emotional environment,and artistic environment.Different hospitals can consider their own construction conditions and design priorities and adopt different tier strategies to selectively cope with the needs of the elderly and gradually complete the aging-friendly design.

关 键 词：三甲医院 门诊公共空间 智能就医模式 老年人需求 适老化设计 KANO模型 

分 类 号：TU246.1[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]