高通量荷正电纳滤膜制备及重金属截留特性研究  

Fabrication and separation behaviors of heavy metals of high-flux positively charged nanofiltration membranes

作　　者：马俊 MA Jun(Water planning and Design Institute,Henan ZhongGong Design&Research Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省中工设计研究院集团股份有限公司水务规划设计院,郑州450003

出　　处：《给水排水》2024年第S1期199-205,共7页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：山东省高等学校青年创新团队(2022KJ206);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0313)

摘　　要：废水中重金属严重威胁着公众健康和水环境,为更有效地去除重金属离子,需要大力探索先进的纳滤(NF)膜技术。通过调控水相pH耦合表面接枝聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)改性策略,构建了一种高性能、荷正电NF膜。对制备的NF膜微观结构、表面形貌和分离性能的变化进行了详细研究。降低水相pH至9可以显著改变NF膜的物化特征,制备了具有环状形貌、纯水通量高达18.8 L/(m^(2)h bar)的荷正电NF膜。此外,通过降低水相pH至9耦合表面接枝PEI改性策略制备的荷正电NF膜具有高通量、优异重金属截留性能和环状图灵形貌。重金属截留效果随着PEI接枝浓度的增加而上升,优化后的NF-pH9-2P膜具有更粗糙的表面、更强的表面正电荷和更窄的孔径,大大提升了NF膜的分离性能,对NiCl_(2)、MnCl_(2)和PbCl_(2)等二价重金属的截留率近90%,并保持10.7 L/(m^(2)h bar)的高纯水通量。Heavy metals in wastewater seriously threaten public health and the environment,and advanced nanofiltration(NF)technologies are being actively explored by the public for more effective rejection of heavy metal ions.In this study,the high-performance and positively charged NF membranes were constructed by modulating the aqueous phase pH coupled with a surface-grafted polyethyleneimine(PEI)modification strategy.The changes in microstructure,surface morphology and separation performance of the prepared NF membranes were investigated in detail.Lowering the pH of the aqueous phase to 9 significantly changed the physical and chemical properties of the NF membranes,and positively charged NF membranes with cyclic morphology were prepared with pure water fluxes up to 18.8 L/(m^(2) h bar).In addition,the positively charged NF membranes prepared by lowering the pH of the aqueous phase to 9 coupled with a surface-grafted PEI modification strategy exhibited high flux,excellent heavy metal rejection performance and cyclic Turing morphology.The heavy metal retention performance rose with the increase of PEI grafting concentration.The optimized NF-pH9-2P membrane with rougher surface,stronger positive surface charge,and narrower pore size greatly enhanced the separation performance of the NF membrane,rejecting nearly 90%of the divalent heavy metals such as NiCl_(2),MnCl_(2),and PbCl_(2) and maintaining a 10.7 L/(m^(2) h bar)of high pure water flux.

关 键 词：pH调控 表面接枝 聚乙烯亚胺 荷正电纳滤膜 重金属 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]