我国农村排水系统调研与分散式排水模式构建  

Investigation on rural drainage system in China and conception of decentralized drainage mode

作　　者：施匡围 陈泊明 程正雨 王惠惠 樊瑜 汪诚文[1] SHI Kuangwei;CHEN Boming;CHENG Zhengyu;WANG Huihui;FAN Yu;WANG Chengwen(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Marxism,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100121,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学马克思主义学院,北京100084 [3]农业农村部规划设计研究院,北京100121

出　　处：《给水排水》2024年第S1期214-223,共10页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1100103)

摘　　要：农村生活污水因规模小、排放分散等特点,导致其水量水质排放变化大,为处理设施与排水系统的建设与稳定运行带来挑战。其中,农村基础设施对污水收集和系统运行的支撑情况、农户用水习惯与污水处理模式的匹配程度等,常成为掣肘污水处理与排水系统稳定运行的关键因素。系统调研了农村基础设施情况和农户用排水习惯特征,总结并分析了农村排水系统的现状和问题,根据村落居住形态和户内基础设施构建了2类典型分散式农村污水排水模式,为分散式农村排水系统的建设完善以及分散式农村生活污水处理设备的研发提供参考与建议。The small-scale and decentralized discharge of rural domestic sewage can cause large fluctuations in sewage quality and quantity,thus posing challenges to the construction and stable operation of sewage treatment facilities and drainage systems.However,the support situation of rural infrastructure for sewage collection and system operation,the matching degree of farmers'water use habits and sewage treatment modes,etc.,often become the key factors hindering the stable operation of sewage treatment and drainage systems.This paper systematically investigated the situation of rural infrastructure and the characteristics of farmers'drainage habits,then the current situation and problems of rural drainage system were summarized and analyzed.Finally,two typical decentralized rural sewage drainage modes were conceived according to village living patterns and indoor infrastructure.This research could provide references and suggestions for the construction and improvement of the existing decentralized rural drainage system,and also for the development of decentralized rural domestic sewage treatment equipment.

关 键 词：农村排水系统 农村基础设施 用排水特征 分散式排水模式 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]