山地城市取消化粪池设置可行性研究  

Feasibility study on eliminating septic tanks in mountainous cities

作　　者：杜浪 叶秋 黄燚 张夏武 罗杉山 巫坚 DU Lang;YE Qiu;HUAN Yi;ZHANG Xiawu;LUO Shanshan;WU Jian(Yangze Ecology and Environment Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江生态环保集团有限公司,武汉430000

出　　处：《给水排水》2024年第S1期99-103,共5页Water & Wastewater Engineering

摘　　要：以重庆市某县城为例,研究化粪池对污水中主要污染物的去除效果,取消化粪池对污水管道运行的影响和对污水处理厂预处理段产渣量的影响,提出山地城市取消化粪池可行性的初步结论。经研究,化粪池对污水中的COD、BOD5平均削减率分别为17.86%、46.89%,会降低污水的可生化性;化粪池对TP的去除效果仅为7.3%;同时化粪池有利于有机氮转化为氨氮,氨氮浓度增加比例为30.5%;整个县城因特殊的地形特点使得管道敷设坡度较大,污水主管网未因取消化粪池而出现大面积沉积堵塞情况。县城污水处理厂粗格栅产渣量偏高,栅渣产量0.068~0.084 t/1 000 m^(3)之间(含水率80%),对于化粪池取消地区污水处理厂设计时的设备选型需要进一步调研确定。结果表明,取消化粪池可提高污水的可生化性,消除化粪池本身带来的环境、安全风险,在山地城市亦不会出现排水管网严重淤堵情况。Taking a county town in Chongqing as an example,this study investigates the removal efficiency of septic tanks on the main pollutants in sewage,the impact of the elimination of septic tanks on the operation of sewage pipelines,and the effect of the cancellation of septic tanks on the slag production in the pre-treatment section of the sewage treatment plant.It puts forward preliminary conclusions on the feasibility of canceling septic tanks in mountainous cities.The study shows that septic tanks reduce the COD and BOD5 of sewage by 17.86%and 46.89%respectively,which decreases the biodegradability of sewage.The removal efficiency of TP by septic tanks is only 7.3%.Meanwhile,septic tanks facilitate the conversion of organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen,with an increase of 30.5%in ammonia nitrogen concentration.Due to the special topographical features,the pipeline laying in the entire county town has a relatively large slope,and there is no widespread deposition and blockage in the sewage main network after canceling septic tanks.The grit production at the bar screen of the county town's sewage treatment plant is relatively high,with a yield ranging from 0.068 to 0.084 t/1000 m^(3)(with a moisture content of 80%),which requires further investigation and determination for equipment selection in sewage treatment plants in areas where septic tanks are canceled.The conclusion indicates that canceling septic tanks can improve the biodegradability of sewage,eliminate environmental and safety risks associated with septic tanks,and will not cause significant blockage in drainage networks in mountainous cities.

关 键 词：化粪池 山地城市 可生化性 产渣量 严重淤堵 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]