2014—2023年呼和浩特口岸出入境人员传染病流行特征分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Infectious Diseases among Entry-exit Personnel at Hohhot Port from 2014 to 2023

作　　者：丁佳慧 陈宇飞 张小玲 靳木子 云托娅 付旭东 马师良 王玲 DING Jia-Hui;CHEN Yu-Fei;ZHANG Xiao-Ling;JIN Mu-Zi;YUN Tuo-Ya;FU Xu-Dong;MA Shi-Liang;WANG Ling(Hohhot International Travel Health Care Center(Hohhot Customs Outpatient Department),Hohhot 010000;Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs,Beijing 100026)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特国际旅行卫生保健中心(呼和浩特海关口岸门诊部),呼和浩特010000 [2]中国海关科学技术研究中心,北京100026

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2024年第S2期86-92,共7页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：1+X合作单位资助

摘　　要：本文通过对呼和浩特口岸出入境人员传染病检出情况的流行病学分析,掌握相关传染病流行情况,以便于确定国境口岸传染病防控的重点人群和采取有针对性的防控措施。研究采用描述流行病学方法对2014—2023年呼和浩特口岸出入境人员传染病数据进行分析,使用SPSS 25.0进行统计分析。结果显示:2014—2023年呼和浩特口岸共检出传染病4种1522例,检出率为4.91%。检出率由高到低分别为HBsAg阳性(2.4%)、梅毒抗体阳性(1.52%)、HCV阳性(0.96%)及HIV抗体阳性(0.02%)。HBsAg阳性、梅毒抗体阳性、HCV阳性检出率在入境人员中均为2016年最高,在出境人员中各年份无差异。出境人员HBsAg阳性在40~49岁、梅毒阳性在≥60岁群体中检出率最高;入境人员HBsAg阳性在30~39岁、HCV阳性在≥60岁、梅毒阳性在30~39岁群体中检出率最高。人员类别中,外籍劳务人员中HBsAg阳性检出率最高,为7.41%;外籍其他人员中HCV阳性检出率最高,为4.76%;外籍留学人员中梅毒阳性检出率最高,为2.97%。结果表明,呼和浩特口岸应加强对入境人员的传染病监测工作,重点关注≥30岁的外籍劳务人员与留学人员。This study aims to understand the epidemic situation of infectious diseases among the entry-exit personnel at Hohhot port,determine the key population for infectious diseases prevention and control at the border port,and implement targeted prevention and control measures.Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the data of infectious diseases among entry-exit personnel at Hohhot port from 2014 to 2023,with statistical analysis conducted using SPSS 25.0.The results showed that from 2014 to 2023,a total of 1522 cases of four types of infectious diseases were identified at Hohhot port,with a detection rate of 4.91%.The detection rates from high to low were as follows:HBsAg positivity(2.4%),syphilis antibody positivity(1.52%),HCV positivity(0.96%),and HIV antibody positivity(0.02%).The detection rates of HBsAg positivity,syphilis antibody positivity,and HCV positivity were the highest in 2016 among entry personnel,and there was no difference in the detection rates for each year among exit personnel.Among exit personnel,the highest detection rates of HBsAg positivity were in the 40-49 age group,and the highest detection rates of syphilis positivity were in the≥60 age group;among entry personnel,the highest detection rates of HBsAg positivity were in the 30-39 age group,HCV positivity in the≥60 age group,and syphilis positivity in the 30-39 age group.From the perspective of personnel categories,the highest detection rate of HBsAg positivity was among foreign laborers,at 7.41%;the highest detection rate of HCV positivity was among other foreign personnel,at 4.76%;and the highest detection rate of syphilis positivity was among foreign students,at 2.97%.The results indicate that the Hohhot port should strengthen the surveillance of infectious diseases among entry personnel,with a particular focus on foreign laborers and students aged≥30.

关 键 词：出入境人员 流行特征 口岸 传染病监测 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]