南非应对气候变化的立法实践考察  

Legislative Practice Investigation of South Africa's Response to Climate Change

作　　者：张亚峰 Zhang Yafeng

机构地区：[1]北京市人民检察院第四分院,北京100066

出　　处：《非洲研究》2024年第1期96-111,279-280,共18页African Studies

摘　　要：以全球落实“双碳”目标为背景,各国针对气候变化问题进行专门立法具有必要性、合理性。在应对气候变化的政策立场抉择、专门立法、市场化机制运用等方面,南非走在了广大发展中国家前列,体现出制定合理的环境外交政策、积极参与国际气候谈判、坚定地以发展中国家的立场引领气候治理、切实履行国际气候法律文件规定的义务及落实“双碳”目标的重要性。尽管南非应对气候变化立法工作存在国际环境政策与国内国情不相匹配、立法精细化水平不高、法律配套落实机制还需建立健全等客观局限,但无疑南非为其他发展中国家积极参与全球气候治理提供了经验借鉴,为各国建立健全应对气候变化法律体系提供了现实范例。In the context of the global implementation of the“dual carbon”goals,it is necessary and reasonable for countries to make special legislation on climate change.In terms of policy stance choices,special legislation,and the use of market-oriented mechanisms to address climate change,South Africa has been at the forefront of the vast number of developing countries,reflecting the importance of formulating a reasonable environmental foreign policy,actively participating in international climate negotiations,firmly leading climate governance with the position of developing countries,and effectively implementing international climate legal documents and implementing the“dual carbon”goals.Although there are some objective limitations in South Africa's legislation on climate change,such as the mismatch between international environmental policies and domestic conditions,the lack of legislative refinement,and the need to establish and improve the legal supporting implementation mechanism,there is no doubt that South Africa has provided experience for other developing countries to actively participate in global climate governance,and has provided a realistic example for countries to establish and improve their domestic legal system on climate change.

关 键 词：南非 气候变化 立法实践 

分 类 号：D947.8[政治法律—法学] D912.6