黄土丘陵区梯田近自然生态埂坎效益分析  

Benefit analysis of terraced fields near natural ecological ridges in loess hilly region

作　　者：刘立峰[1,2] 刘思君 李子镛 LIU Lifeng;LIU Sijun;LI Ziyong(Suide Administration of Soil and Water Conservation of the Yellow River(Suide Scientific Experimental Station of Soil and Water Conservation),Yulin 719000,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Some Random Place Somewhere Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration,State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China,Yulin 719000,Shaanxi,China;Xifeng Experimental Station on Soil and Water Conservation of Yellow Conservancy Commission,Xifeng 745000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水土保持绥德治理监督局(绥德水土保持科学试验站),陕西榆林719000 [2]黄土高原水土保持与生态修复国家林草局重点实验室,陕西榆林719000 [3]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃西峰745000

出　　处：《水利水电技术(中英文)》2024年第S2期560-565,共6页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

摘　　要：为解决陕北黄土丘陵区低标准梯田田埂坎易侵蚀、易崩塌等问题,以陕西省榆林市赵家峁建设的7块梯田为研究对象,对比黄土丘陵区梯田近自然生态埂坎技术与传统梯田埂坎技术,分别在的梯田田坎外坡为75°和45°的田埂上配置黄花菜、四季玫瑰、苦水玫瑰;田坎上配置紫花苜蓿、五叶地锦等作物,设置自然恢复对照,对降雨、水分盈亏、作物成活率、植被覆盖度、水土流失量、投入产出等进行分析。结果表明:(1)黄土丘陵区近自然生态埂坎植被覆盖率明显较自然恢复大,但达到植被生长平稳期时,二者的植被覆盖率并无明显差别。(2)黄土丘陵区梯田近自然生态埂坎侵蚀量是传统埂坎侵蚀量的1.5%,蓄水保土效益良好。(3)黄土丘陵区梯田近自然生态埂坎建设费和维护费用少,所采用的经济作物黄花菜与紫花苜蓿的投入小、效益高。因此,黄土丘陵区梯田近自然生态埂坎技术可加快生态环境恢复,经济效益较好,有较好应用前景。今后应进一步探索黄土丘陵区梯田近自然生态埂坎技术规模化建设方法,以便于该技术在研究区的推广。In order to solve the problems of easy erosion and collapse of low-standard terraced fields in the loess hilly region of Shanbei province,seven terraced fields built in Zhaojiamao,Yulin Province,were studied,the field ridges with 75°and 45°of the outer slope of the terraced fields were planted with day Lily,four seasons rose and bitter water rose respectively,and the field ridges were planted with alfalfa,parthenocissus quinquefolia,etc.,the rainfall,water deficit,crop survival rate,vegetation coverage,soil and water loss,input and output were analyzed.The result showed,(1)The vegetation coverage of the near-natural eco-ridge in the loess hilly region was obviously higher than that of the natural restoration,but there was no significant difference in the vegetation coverage when the vegetation reached the stable growth period.(2)The soil erosion of terrace in loess hilly region is 1.5%of that of traditional terraces,and the soil and water conservation benefit is good.(3)The construction and maintenance costs of terraced fields near natural ecological ridges in the loess hilly region are lower than those of the Cash crop.Therefore,the technique of terraced fields near natural eco-ridges in loess hilly area can accelerate the recovery of eco-environment,and has good economic benefit and good application prospect In order to popularize this technique in the study area,we should further explore the large-scale construction method of terraced fields near natural eco-ridges in the loess hilly region.

关 键 词：黄土丘陵区 梯田 生态埂坎 效益 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]