共晶高熵合金成分设计与力学性能的研究进展  

Research Progress in Composition Design and Mechanical Properties of Eutectic High Entropy Alloys

作　　者：艾诚 蒙安利 郭敏[2] 黄太文[2] 刘林[2] Ai Cheng;Meng Anli;Guo Min;Huang Taiwen;Liu Lin(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710064 [2]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《稀有金属》2024年第11期1612-1622,共11页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51971174);中央高校基本科研业务费(300102311401,300102312407)资助

摘　　要：共晶高熵合金是近年来研发的一种新型多主元合金,与单相高熵合金相比,由软相和硬质相组成的双相共晶高熵合金具有良好的综合力学性能,且其具有良好的可铸性,因此共晶高熵合金在工程领域具有良好的应用前景。尽管目前已经研制出多种类型的共晶高熵合金,但对共晶高熵合金的成分设计方法和力学性能仍缺乏系统的认识。综述了试错法、简单混合法、热力学计算法和混合焓法等共晶高熵合金的成分设计方法,总结了共晶高熵合金的相组成、室温压缩性能、高温压缩性能与室温拉伸性能的研究现状,归纳了共晶高熵合金抗压强度与抗拉强度的主控因素,发现对于共晶高熵合金,其室温抗压强度取决于组成相的晶体结构和高强度相的面积分数,其高温抗压强度与高强度相的晶体结构、元素的互扩散系数以及难熔元素的含量密切相关,其室温抗拉强度与共晶相的形态以及合金元素的固溶强化效果密切相关。Eutectic high entropy alloys were a novel type of multi-principal alloy developed in recent years.As compared with singlephase high entropy alloys,eutectic high entropy alloys were composed of both soft and hard phases.Eutectic high entropy alloys demonstrated high comprehensive mechanical properties and excellent castability,making them a promising material for a variety of industrial applications.Several studies indicated that the microstructure of eutectic high entropy alloys undergone a transformation from hypoeutectic to eutectic and hypereutectic,depending on the content of key alloying elements.Therefore,efficiently studied the composition of eutectic points in the high entropy alloy system was crucial for predicting their existence and developing innovative types of eutectic high entropy alloys.That paper provided a review of four distinct approaches for designing the composition of eutectic high entropy alloys.The first method used to determine the eutectic point of eutectic high entropy alloys was the trial-and-error method.Those altering the content of 1 to 2 key alloying elements.The second method employed was the simple mixing method,which utilized the binary phase diagram and enthalpy of element mixing.The third method utilized thermodynamic calculation.For example,the pseudo-binary phase diagram of CoCrFeNiNb_(x) high entropy alloys was calculated by using Themo-Calc software and the Ni-based alloy thermodynamic database.Co,Cr,Fe and Ni elements were treated as a single element in the pseudo-binary alloy,while Nb element was treated as another single element.The fourth method was the mixed enthalpy method,based on composition of existed eutectic high entropy alloys,a new eutectic high entropy alloys composition was designed by using the mixing enthalpy method.Meanwhile,this review provided a summary of the phase composition and mechanical properties of typical eutectic high entropy alloys.It was found that the majority of eutectic high entropy alloys were composed of face center cubic(fcc)and inter

关 键 词：共晶高熵合金 成分设计 室温压缩性能 高温压缩性能 室温拉伸性能 

分 类 号：TG131[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]