钼焙砂氨浸过程中钾的释放动力学研究  

Release Kinetics of Potassium during Ammonia Leaching of Molybdenum Calcine

作　　者：刘起航[1,2] 赵晓微 田顺治 冯卫国 刘东新[3] Liu Qihang;Zhao Xiaowei;Tian Shunzhi;Feng Weiguo;Liu Dongxin(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Metallurgical Engineering Technology Research Center of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710055,China;Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co.,LTD.,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西省冶金工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710055 [3]金堆城钼业股份有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《稀有金属》2024年第11期1591-1600,共10页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52374345)资助

摘　　要：随着低钾钼产品的广泛应用,企业对钼酸铵中的钾含量提出了越来越严苛的要求。氨浸作为钼酸铵生产的关键工艺,对钾的释放行为及产品质量都有十分重要的影响。以钼焙砂为实验原料,分析了钼酸铵生产过程中影响钾浸出的主要因素,并通过电感耦合等离子光谱(ICP)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、矿物解离分析仪(MLA)等方法研究了钾在钼酸铵生产过程中的释放动力学规律及其影响机制。结果发现:浸出时间、温度、固液比、原料粒度等都会对钾的浸出过程产生明显的影响;对钼酸铵降钾最适宜的条件为:温度为30℃,固液比为1∶5,钼焙砂粒径范围为150~178μm,氨水质量分数为20%。此外,钾的释放动力学研究表明钼焙砂氨浸前期为离子钾的快速溶解过程,主要以KCl,K_(2)SiF_(6)的离子交换反应为主,该阶段符合Elovich模型,浸出活化能较小,为4.96 kJ·mol^(-1);钼焙砂氨浸后期主要为矿物钾尤其是正长石和云母中钾的浸出释放过程,钾在该阶段的释放速率较慢,且受温度、固液比及粒度等条件的影响较大,该过程符合双常数模型,此阶段浸出活化能较大,为101.49 kJ·mol^(-1)。In addition to being used as an additive for steelmaking,molybdenum is also widely used in petrochemical industry,electrical and electronic technology,metallurgical machinery,medicine,agriculture and other fields.With the wide application of low potassium molybdenum products in photoelectric information,medical and other fields,enterprises have put forward more and more stringent requirements for potassium content in ammonium molybdate.Ammonium molybdate,as the raw material for the production of low potassium molybdenum products,is the precursor for the production of molybdenum powder and molybdenum metal products,and is also widely used in chemical reagents,catalysts,flame retardants and other aspects.Its potassium content directly affects or even determines the quality of follow-up molybdenum products.Therefore,reducing the potassium content in ammonium molybdate is critical to the production of low potassium high-quality molybdenum products.Ammonia leaching,as the key process of ammonium molybdate production,has a very important impact on the release behavior of potassium and product quality.In this paper,the main factors affecting potassium leaching in the production of ammonium molybdate were analyzed in sections with molybdenum calcine as the experimental material,and the release kinetics of potassium in the production of ammonium molybdate and its influence mechanism were studied by means of inductively coupled plasma(ICP),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),mineral quantitative analysis system(MLA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).The main process of potassium release,the types of potassium bearing minerals and the transformation law in molybdenum calcine samples were systematically analyzed.Potassium containing minerals were bound in the mineral lattice by covalent bonds or are deeply bound by the lattice structure.The analysis results showed that although water washing could effectively remove most potassium ions in molybdenum calcine,a small part of potassium i

关 键 词：钼焙砂 氨浸 钾释放 浸出动力学 含钾矿物 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]