2016—2021年阳江市儿童水痘流行病学特征及接种水痘疫苗情况  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella and status of varicella vaccination among children in Yangjiang City,2016-2021

作　　者：黄秀明 利定良 敖艳云 HUANG Xiuming;LI Dingliang;AO Yanyun(Yangjiang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yangjiang,Guangdong 529500,China)

机构地区：[1]阳江市疾病预防控制中心,广东阳江529500

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第12期1467-1470,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解2016—2021年阳江市报告的儿童水痘病例的流行病学特征及儿童水痘疫苗的接种情况,为水痘防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法进行流行病学分析。结果 2016—2021年阳江市全市共报告6 743例水痘,水痘年平均报告发病率43.54/10万,其中儿童报告发病4 850例,儿童年平均报告发病率174.81/10万,儿童发病高峰期集中在4—6月,10月至次年1月;男、女病例数比为1.37∶1,儿童发病集中在7~14岁儿童,占发病总数的59.15%(2 869/4 850);2016—2021年阳江市0~14岁儿童接种水痘疫苗共230 641剂次,0~14岁儿童2016年水痘疫苗接种率24.13%(22 133/91 730),接种1剂次水痘疫苗保护效果为34.36%(95.0%CI:21.36%~45.28%);接种2剂次水痘疫苗保护效果为72.18%(95.0%CI:37.19%~87.68%)。结论 2016—2021年阳江市水痘流行强度呈增长趋势,重点防控学校、托幼机构儿童水痘疫情,建议加强水痘监测,提高水痘疫苗接种率。Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of cases of child varicella reported in Yangjiang City from 2016 to 2021 and the status of varicella vaccination among children,and to provide a scientific basis for varicella prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for epidemiological analysis.Results A total of 6,743 cases of varicella were reported in Yangjiang City from 2016 to 2021.The average annual reported incidence rate of varicella was 43.54/100,000,among which 4,850 child cases were reported,and the average annual reported incidence rate of varicella in children was 174.81/100,000.The incidence peaks of varicella in children were concentrated in April-June and October-January of next year.The ratio of male to female cases was 1.37∶1.The incidence in children was concentrated in the group aged 7-14 years,accounting for 59.15%(2,869/4,850)of the total cases.A total of 230,641 doses of varicella vaccine were administered to children aged 0-14 years in Yangjiang City from 2016 to 2021.The vaccination rate of varicella vaccine in children aged 0-14 years in 2016 was 24.13%(22,133/91,730).The protective effect of one dose of varicella vaccine was 34.36%(95.0%CI:21.36%-45.28%),while the protective effect of 2 doses of varicella vaccine was 72.18%(95.0%CI:37.19%-87.68%).Conclusion The epidemic intensity of varicella in Yangjiang City from 2016 to 2021 showed an increasing trend.We should focus on prevention and control of the varicella epidemic among children in schools and kindergartens,strengthen varicella surveillance and improve the coverage rate of varicella vaccine.

关 键 词：水痘 疫苗 接种 流行病学特征 阳江市 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R725.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]