2010—2022年湖北省新报告HIV/AIDS病例流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hubei Province,2010-2022

作　　者：张薇[1] 张艺[1] 汤恒[1] 蒋洪林[1] 郑武[1] ZHANG Wei;ZHANG Yi;TANG Heng;JIANG Honglin;ZHENG Wu(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第12期1409-1413,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖北省科技厅创新专项项目(2021BCA148)

摘　　要：目的 分析2010—2022年湖北省新报告HIV/AIDS病例的流行特征,为制定艾滋病防治策略提供依据。方法收集2010年1月1日—2022年12月31日新报告的现住址在湖北的病例个案信息,采用WPS 2019对数据进行整理,SPSS 25.0软件对病例的流行情况,三间分布情况进行统计分析。结果 2010—2022年湖北新报告HIV/AIDS共33 385例,新报告率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)=4.637,P<0.05);病例数居前5位的地市为武汉市、荆州市、黄冈市、黄石市、孝感市;新报告病例主要以性传播为主,异性性传播占59.32%,同性性传播占39.11%,异性性传播中的男性74.16%有非婚异性性接触史;非性传播占1.57%。不同年份湖北省新报告HIV/AIDS病例经性传播与非性传播构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1 450.417,P<0.001)。新报告病例男女比例约4.2∶1,男性病例从2010年的73.01%上升到2022年的81.16%,女性病例从2010年的26.99%下降到2022年的18.84%,不同年份男女性别构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=141.408,P<0.001)。新报告病例中15~24岁和≥50岁年龄组数增加明显;37.90%的婚姻状况是已婚有配偶,其传播途径主要以异性性传播为主,占79.07%;未婚的病例传播途径主要以同性性传播为主,占70.95%,不同年份不同婚姻状况构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=334.093,P<0.001)。文化程度以初中及以下为主,不同年份不同文化程度构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=219.259,P<0.001)。新报告病例主要来自医疗机构检查,占56.62%;其次是自咨询检测服务,占19.32%,不同年份样本来源构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=559.309,P<0.001)。结论 2010—2022年湖北省新报告HIV/AIDS病例增加明显,以异性性传播为主,15~24岁组青年人群和≥50岁老年人群增加明显,应针对性地开展宣传教育,扩大监测检测覆盖面,加大综合防控力度。Objective To analyze the epidemic features of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2022,and to provide a basis for developing HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment strategies.Methods We collected the information about newly reported cases with current address in Hubei from January 1,2010 to December 31,2022.WPS2019 software was used to organize the data,and SPSS25.0 software was employed to statistically analyze the prevalence of the cases as well as the distribution of time,region and population.Results A total of 33,385 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Hubei from 2010 to 2022,and the newly reported rate of cases showed an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2)=4.637,P<0.05).The top five cities with the largest number of cases were Wuhan City,Jingzhou City,Huanggang City,Huangshi City and Xiaogan City.The newly reported cases were mainly transmitted by sexual intercourse,with 59.32%of heterosexual transmission and 39.11%of homosexual transmission.74.16%of males in heterosexual transmission had a history of non-marital heterosexual contact.Non-sexual transmission accounted for 1.57%.There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of newly reported sexually-and non-sexually-transmitted HIV/AIDS cases in Hubei Province in different years(χ^(2)=1,450.417,P<0.001).The male-to-female ratio of the newly reported cases was about 4.2∶1,with male cases increasing from 73.01%in 2010 to 81.16%in 2022,and female cases decreasing from 26.99%in 2010 to 18.84%in 2022,with statistically significant differences in the ratio of male and female gender composition in different years(χ^(2)=141.408,P<0.001).Among the newly reported cases,the number of cases aged 15-24 and≥50 years increased significantly.37.90%of the newly reported cases were married with a spouse,and heterosexual contact was the major route for their transmission,accounting for 79.07%.Homosexual contact was the main route for transmission in unmarried cases,accounting for 70.95%.The differences in the proporti

关 键 词：艾滋病 流行特征 疫情分析 湖北省 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]