2012—2021年北京市大兴区心脑血管疾病死亡情况及潜在寿命损失分析  

Deaths and potential life lost due to cardio-cerebral vascular diseases in Daxing District,Beijing,2012-2021

作　　者：王利 王思淼 刘海博[1] 刘晓萌 刘坦 苏雪梅 张荣娜 WANG Li;WANG Simiao;LIU Haibo;LIU Xiaomeng;LIU Tan;SU Xuemei;ZHANG Rongna(Daxing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102600,China;Yanjing Medical School,Capital University of Medical Sciences,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心,北京102600 [2]首都医科大学燕京医学院,北京101300

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第11期1332-1336,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析2012—2021年北京市大兴区户籍居民心脑血管疾病死亡特征及寿命损失情况,为制定科学有效的防治策略提供依据。方法 收集2012—2021年大兴区死因监测数据,按照ICD-10对疾病编码和分类。计算心脑血管疾病死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)和潜在减寿率(potential years of life lost rate, PYLLR)等指标。应用SPSS 22.0软件进行χ^(2)检验,ArcGIS 10.4.1软件绘制死亡率地域分布图,Joinpoint 4.8.0.1软件分析年度变化趋势。结果 2012—2021年大兴区户籍居民心脑血管疾病死亡人数占全人群死亡的50.84%,粗死亡率为278.12/10万~322.70/10万,整体呈平稳状态(P=0.951);标化死亡率从233.29/10万下降至188.92/10万,呈下降趋势(P<0.05);男性粗死亡率、标化死亡率均高于女性(P<0.05)。心脑血管疾病死亡率随着年龄增长而增加,死亡主要集中在≥45岁人群,青中年组、中老年人组和低龄老年人组居民死亡率均随时间呈现下降趋势。在全部心脑血管疾病死亡人群中,缺血性心脏病、脑血管病、高血压病和其他类型心脏病占98.27%。大兴区的农村或偏远地区心脑血管疾病死亡率较高。全人群因心脑血管疾病死亡导致的PYLL为5 254.50~6 747.50人年,AYLL为9.73~11.69年/人,PYLLR为8.17‰~11.53‰,PYLLR呈下降趋势(P<0.05),男性PYLL、AYLL和PYLLR均明显高于女性。结论 近年来大兴区心脑血管疾病防控取得了一定成效,但其导致的疾病负担仍然严重,应对不同人群采取有针对性地防控措施,减少心脑血管疾病的发病与死亡,提高居民生命质量。Objective To analyze the characteristics of deaths and years of life lost due to cardio-cerebral vascular diseases among household-registered residents in Daxing District,Beijing from 2012 to 2021,and to provide a basis for formulating scientific and effective prevention and control strategies for cardio-cerebral vascular diseases.Methods The surveillance data about causes of deaths in Daxing District from 2012 to 2021 were collected,and then coded and classified according to ICD-10.We analyzed cardio-cerebral vascular diseases-related indicators like the mortality rate,the standardized mortality rate,potential years of life lost(PYLL),average years of life lost(AYLL)and potential years of life lost rate(PYLLR).SPSS 22.0 was used for chi-squared test.ArcGIS 10.4.1 software was used to draw the regional distribution map of the mortality rate,and Joinpoint 4.8.0.1 software was employed to analyze the annual change trend.Results From 2012 to 2021,the death toll of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases among household-registered residents in Daxing District accounted for 50.84%of the total death toll.The crude mortality rates ranged from 278.12/100,000 to 322.70/100,000,showing an overall stable state(P=0.951).The standardized mortality rate decreased from 233.29/100,000 to 188.92/100,000,showing a downward trend(P<0.05).The crude mortality rate and the standardized mortality rate were both higher in males than in females(both P<0.05).The mortality rate of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases increased with advancing age,and death cases were mainly concentrated in residents aged≥45 years.The mortality rates of residents in the young and middle-aged group,the middle-aged and elderly group and the younger elderly group showed downward trends over time.Among all the people who died of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases,98.27%of the deaths were due to ischemic heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,hypertension and other types of heart diseases.The mortality rate of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases was found to be higher in ru

关 键 词：心脑血管疾病 死亡率 寿命损失 年度变化百分比 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]