2020—2022年杭州市散发性腹泻患儿中诺如病毒感染的流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of norovirus infection among children with sporadic diarrhea in Hangzhou City,2020-2022

作　　者：黄清虹 帅慧群 张睿 赵雪琴 徐皓月 HUANG Qinghong;SHUAI Huiqun;ZHANG Rui;ZHAO Xueqin;XU Haoyue(Gongshu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310022,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市拱墅区疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310022

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第11期1306-1309,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：杭州市下城区医药卫生科研项目“杭州地区婴幼儿腹泻中诺如病毒的流行和分子特征的研究”(B201802)

摘　　要：目的 分析2020—2022年杭州市散发性腹泻患儿中诺如病毒的感染状况、基因型别变化等流行特征。方法 收集2020—2022年杭州市哨点医院655份散发性腹泻患儿粪便标本及流行病学资料,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测诺如病毒核酸,将阳性样本进行序列测定和分型,描述性分析诺如病毒感染的流行特征。结果 655份散发性腹泻患儿粪便标本中,诺如病毒总阳性检出率为21.68%(142/655)。不同年龄组之间阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.792,P=0.003),其中13~24月龄患儿阳性检出率最高,达34.17%(41/120)。诺如病毒感染高发期常见于春秋季,平均阳性检出率最高的月份为10月(50.53%,48/95)。82份阳性标本测序比对成功,包括6个重组基因型,分别为GⅡ.3[P12](41.46%,34/82)、GⅡ.4[Pe](43.90%,36/82)、GII.4 Sydney_2012[Pe](7.32%,6/82)、GⅡ.17[P17](4.88%,4/82)、GⅡ.6[P7](1.22%,1/82)、GⅡ.2[P16](1.22%,1/82)。GⅡ.3[P12]为2020年的优势株,GⅡ.4[Pe]自2021年开始取代了GⅡ.3[P12]成为新的优势株。结论 诺如病毒感染高发期为春秋季,10月为感染高峰。13~24月龄患儿诺如病毒阳性检出率最高,病毒基因型以GⅡ.4[Pe]和GⅡ.3[P12]为主。Objective To analyze the status of norovirus infection,genotype changes and other epidemic characteristics among children with sporadic diarrhea in Hangzhou City from 2020 to 2022.Methods We collected 655 stool specimens and epidemiological data from children with sporadic diarrhea in the sentinel hospital in Hangzhou City from 2020 to 2022.Norovirus RNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and the positive samples were sequenced and genotyped.The epidemic characteristics of norovirus infection were descriptively analyzed.Results Among the 655 stool specimens from children with sporadic diarrhea,the overall positive detection rate of norovirus was 21.68%(142/655).There were statistically significant differences in the positive detection rates among different age groups(χ^(2)=13.792,P=0.003),among which the positive detection rate was found to be the highest in children aged 13-24 months(34.17%,41/120).The peak incidence of norovirus infection was observed in spring and autumn,and the average positive detection rate was found to be the highest in October(50.53%,48/95).82 positive specimens were successfully sequenced,including 6 recombinant genotypes,GII.3[P12](41.46%,34/82),GII.4[Pe](43.90%,36/82),GII.4 Sydney_2012[Pe](7.32%,6/82),GII.17[P17](4.88%,4/82),GII.6[P7](1.22%,1/82)and GII.2[P16](1.22%,1/82).GII.3[P12]was the dominant strain in 2020,and GII.4[Pe]had replaced GII.3[P12]as the new dominant strain since 2021.Conclusion The high incidence season of norovirus infection is in spring and autumn,with the peak in October.The positive detection rate of norovirus in children aged 13-24 months is the highest,and the dominated genotypes of norovirus are GII.4[Pe]and GII.3[P12].

关 键 词：诺如病毒 散发性病例 流行特征 基因型 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学] R183.3[医药卫生—临床医学]