1161例高脂血症患者中医证候及体质类型的临床特征与流行病学分析  

Analysis of the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of 1,161 patients with hyperlipidemia in TCM syndromes and constitutions

作　　者：王雪可 李天星 丁虹[3] 关东升[3] 程率芳[3] 王琦[2] 李玲孺[2] WANG Xue-ke;LI Tian-xing;DING Hong;GUAN Dong-sheng;CHENG Shuai-fang;WANG Qi;LI Ling-ru(Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450002,China;National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Treatment of Diseases,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省中医院,河南郑州450002 [2]北京中医药大学国家中医体质与治未病研究院,北京100029 [3]河南中医药大学,河南郑州460046

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2025年第1期88-94,共7页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家中医药管理局第七批传承人项目(国中医药办人教函〔2021〕272号);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2010104);国家自然科学基金(82374308)河南省科技攻关项目(242102311066);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A360021)。

摘　　要：目的探讨高脂血症患者中医证候及体质类型的分布特征。方法采用流行病学调查方法,通过中医辨证分型及体质辨识调查问卷,选取河南省中医院1161例符合高脂血症诊断标准的患者,进行中医证候及体质类型判定。结果纳入1161例高脂血症患者,以男性、中年组(41至65岁)、超重组(24.0 kg/m^(2)≤BMI≤27.9 kg/m^(2))、混合型高脂血症人群居多。证候分布提示,痰湿阻遏证占比最高,其次是气滞血瘀证、脾肾阳虚证、肝肾阴虚证、阴虚阳亢证。体质分布提示,痰湿质居于首位,其次是湿热质、气虚质和平和质。相关性分析提示,脾肾阳虚证以阳虚质和痰湿质为主,气滞血瘀证以血瘀质和气郁质为主,痰湿阻遏证以痰湿质和湿热质为主。结论高脂血症患者以痰湿阻遏证最为常见,痰湿质和湿热质为其易感体质类型,证候与体质类型分布具有一定的相关性。Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and constitution types in patients with hyperlipidemia.Methods A total of 1,161 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of hyperlipidemia in Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected to determine the TCM syndrome and constitution type by the epidemiological investigation method and the questionnaire of TCM syndrome differentiation and constitution identification.Results A total of 1,161 patients with hyperlipidemia were enrolled,most of them were male,middle-aged(41-65 years old),overweight(24.0 kg/m^(2)≤BMI≤27.9 kg/m^(2))and mixed hyperlipidemia.The distribution of syndromes suggested that phlegm-dampness obstruction accounted for the highest proportion,followed by qi stagnation and blood stasis,spleen and kidney yang deficiency,liver and kidney yin deficiency,and yin deficiency and yang excess.The distribution of constitution suggested that phlegm-dampness constitution ranked first,followed by damp-heat constitution,qi deficiency constitution and balanced constitution.Correlation analysis showed that yang deficiency and phlegm dampness were the main characteristics of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome,blood stasis and qi depression were the main characteristics of qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome,phlegm dampness and damp heat were the main characteristics of phlegm dampness obstruction syndrome.Conclusion Phlegm-dampness obstruction syndrome is the most common in hyperlipidemia patients,with phlegm-dampness constitution and damp-heat constitution being the susceptible types.There is a certain correlation between syndrome patterns and constitution types in hyperlipidemia patients.

关 键 词：高脂血症 中医证候 中医体质 治未病 

分 类 号：R259[医药卫生—中西医结合]