2019-2022年安徽省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区监测结果分析  

Analysis of surveillance results of water-borne endemic fluorosis in Anhui Province from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：虞晨[1] 许娴[1] 田翠翠[1] 刘子健 陆雪纯 张滔[1] 李卫东[1] Yu Chen;Xu Xian;Tian Cuicui;Liu Zijian;Lu Xuechun;Zhang Tao;Li Weidong(Department of Endemic Disease and Parasite,Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心地方病和寄生虫病防治科,合肥230601

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2025年第1期17-20,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目(2019-2022)。

摘　　要：目的分析安徽省饮水型地方性氟中毒(地氟病)病区监测结果,为饮水型地氟病防治措施调整提供基础数据。方法采用横断面调查方法,2019—2022年对安徽省辖全部饮水型地氟病病区村进行监测。调查病区村改水降氟情况、居民饮用水氟含量,并检查8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况。病区县饮水型地氟病控制目标完成情况根据《重点地方病控制和消除评价办法(2019版)》判定。结果2019—2022年安徽省饮水型地氟病病区村各年度改水率分别为88.47%(1527/1726)、100%(1726/1726)、100%(1726/1726)、100%(1726/1726);病区村水氟合格率分别为33.84%(584/1726)、63.09%(1089/1726)、70.74%(1221/1726)、74.33%(1283/1726);8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为25.48%(45461/178440)、15.78%(27959/177200)、13.68%(23505/171880)、12.66%(23315/184200);达到饮水型地氟病控制目标的病区县占比分别为16%(4/25)、60%(15/25)、36%(9/25)和40%(10/25)。结论安徽省饮水型地氟病病区通过改水降氟等防治措施提升了水氟合格率,降低了儿童氟斑牙患病率,但重点病区县防治力度有待进一步提高。Objective To investigate the current situation of water-borne endemic fluorosis in Anhui Province,and provide basic data for the adjusting the prevention and control measures.Methods Using cross-sectional survey method,all villages in the water-borne endemic fluorosis areas were investigated in Anhui Province from 2019 to 2022.In water-borne endemic fluorosis village,the situation of water improvement project and the fluoride level of drinking water were investigated,and dental fluorosis of all children aged 8-12 was examined.The criteria for determining the achievement of control targets for water-borne endemic fluorosis in affected counties were based on the"Evaluation Measures for Control and Elimination of Key Endemic Diseases(2019 Edition)".Results From 2019 to 2022,the rate of water improvement village in water-borne endemic fluorosis areas were 88.47%(1527/1726),100%(1726/1726),100%(1726/1726)and 100%(1726/1726),respectively.The qualified proportion of water fluoride in water-borne endemic fluorosis villages was 33.84%(584/1726),63.09%(1089/1726),70.74%(1221/1726)and 74.33%(1283/1726),respectively.The prevalence rates of dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 were 25.48%(45461/178440),15.78%(27959/177200),13.68%(23505/171880)and 12.66%(23315/184200),respectively.The proportion of affected counties that had achieved the control target of water-borne endemic fluorosis was 16%(4/25),60%(15/25),36%(9/25)and 40%(10/25),respectively.Conclusions The water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Anhui Province have improved the water fluoride qualification rate and reduced the incidence of fluorosis in children through prevention and control measures such as water improvement and fluoride reduction.However,the prevention and control efforts in key areas and counties need to be further improved.

关 键 词：氟中毒 饮用水 氟斑牙 降氟工程 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]