2021-2023年青海省饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：鲁青[1] 陈萍[1] 蒲光兰[1] 张强[1] 孟献亚[1] 蔡生花[1] 魏生英[1] 李生梅[1] 王明君 姜泓[1] Lu Qing;Chen Ping;Pu Guanglan;Zhang Qiang;Meng Xianya;Cai Shenghua;Wei Shengying;Li Shengmei;Wang Mingjun(Department of Endemic Disease,Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining 811602,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所地方病科,西宁811021

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2025年第1期21-24,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0607)。

摘　　要：目的了解青海省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区村改水工程运行及儿童氟斑牙患病情况,为巩固饮水型地方性氟中毒防治成果、调整防治措施提供依据。方法自青海省各县疾病预防控制中心收集2021—2023年饮水型地方性氟中毒监测数据,回顾性分析病区村改水工程运行、生活饮用水水氟含量和8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况。结果2021—2023年,青海省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区村数分别为338、335、328个;改水工程数分别为125、127、124个,正常运转率分别为100%、100%、99.19%(123/124),水氟含量合格率分别为100%、99.21%(126/127)、99.19%(123/124);8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为4.34%(515/11877)、5.70%(646/11331)、4.48%(490/10943),不同年份氟斑牙检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=22.79,P<0.001)。结论青海省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区村改水工程运行状况总体良好,但后期管理与维护工作有所松懈,存在工程间歇现象。8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率保持在较低水平,饮水型地方性氟中毒处于持续控制状态。Objective To investigation the situation of water improvement projects in villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province and the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children,in order to provide a basis for consolidating the achievements in prevention and control of drinking water-type endemic fluorosis and adjusting prevention and control measures.Methods The monitoring data on drinking water-type endemic fluorosis were collected from the disease prevention and control centers in various counties of Qinghai Province from 2021 to 2023,the situation of water improvement projects,the fluorine content of domestic drinking water and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were retrospectively analyzed.Results From 2021 to 2023,the numbers of villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province were 338,335,and 328,respectively.The numbers of water improvement projects were 125,127 and 124,respectively.The normal operation rates were 100%,100%and 99.19%(123/124),respectively.The qualified rates of water fluoride level were 100%,99.21%(126/127)and 99.19%(123/124),respectively.The detection rates of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 were 4.34%(515/11877),5.70%(646/11331)and 4.48%(490/10943),respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children in different years(χ^(2)=22.79,P<0.001).Conclusions The overall operation status of water improvement project in villages affected by drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Qinghai Province is generally good,but there has been some relaxation in management and maintenance in the later stage,and there is a phenomenon of project intermittency.The detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 remains low,and endemic fluorosis caused by drinking water is under continuous control.

关 键 词：水 氟斑牙 氟中毒 监测 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]