城乡分工与城市空间扩张的内在矛盾与机理分析——基于马克思主义空间政治经济学的视角  

Analysis of the Internal Contradictions and Mechanisms between Urban-rural Division of Labor and Urban Spatial Expansion: A Perspective of Marxist Spatial Political Economy

作　　者：陈建华[1] 陈珍珍 CHEN Jian-hua;CHEN Zhen-zhen(Institute of Economics,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences 200020)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院经济研究所,200020

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2025年第2期17-29,64,共14页Shanghai Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般课题“双重互构逻辑下中国城乡关系的空间政治经济学研究”(项目编号:21BJL051)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：分工深化是实现城乡经济良性循环的路径。传统分工理论强调城乡分工与城市空间扩张的正向互动,但在解释二者复杂的现实互动时存在局限性。本文基于马克思主义空间政治经济学的视角,将资本空间化与空间资本化纳入“分工深化—市场规模扩张—分工深化”的循环演进过程,揭示了城乡分工与城市空间扩张的互动机理及其内在矛盾:资本空间化通过市场规模扩大促进城乡分工深化,而空间资本化则通过生产本地化弱化城乡分工。在资本逻辑下,空间资本化的生产能力逐渐超过资本空间化,通过本地化生产阻碍城乡分工深化,致使城市空间扩张与城乡分工从相互促进转为相互制约。在理论分析的基础上,本文进一步运用2003-2022年247个中国地级及以上城市的面板数据,实证检验空间资本化通过中间投入本地化效应和需求本地化效应对城乡分工深化产生显著抑制作用。因此,应健全制度体系,规范资本空间运作,以实现城乡关系合理化与城市空间有序扩张,构建新型城乡关系。Deepening the division of labor is a key mechanism for promoting a virtuous cycle in urban-rural economic development.Traditional theories emphasize the positive interaction between the urban-rural division of labor and urban spatial expansion, yet they have limitations in explaining the complexities of real-world dynamics.From the perspective of Marxist spatial political economy, we integrate capital spatialization and spatial capitalization into the cyclical evolution process of “division of labor deepening—market expansion—division of labor deepening”.And we reveal the interaction between the urban-rural division of labor and urban spatial expansion, demonstrating that the deepening of the division of labor is driven by capital spatialization through market expansion, while spatial capitalization weakens it through localized production.Under the logic of capital, spatial capitalization's production capacity gradually surpasses that of capital spatialization, hindering the advancement of the division of labor through localized production.This shift transforms the relationship from mutual promotion to mutual constraint.Based on the theoretical analysis above, we use panel data from 247 prefecture-level cities and above from 2003-2022 in China to empirically examine how spatial capitalization inhibits the deepening of urban-rural division of labor by increasing demand localization effect and intermediate input localization effect.Therefore, a robust institutional framework should be established to regulate the orderly expansion of capital, promote a balanced urban-rural division of labor, optimize urban space, and foster the growth of a new urban-rural relationship.

关 键 词：城乡分工 资本空间化 空间资本化 生产本地化 城市空间扩张 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]