行政处罚与违法合同无效判断  

Administrative Penalties and the Judgement of Invalidity of Illegal Contracts

作　　者：章程 ZHANG Cheng

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院

出　　处：《中国法律评论》2025年第1期157-170,共14页China Law Review

摘　　要：违法合同无效判断中行政责任的明文化,使得民事法官背负预见和论证行政责任的义务,也增加了相关民事裁判与行政裁判产生矛盾判决的可能。民事法官在裁判中应首先识别出行政法上非制裁性行政处罚和混合性行政处罚,并根据此两类行政处罚的类型和功能,对其与法律行为无效的替代关系作出分析,从而对法律行为作出效力判断。同时,民事法官在程序上应注重整理行政机关与行政判决对行政处罚类型的判断并予参酌,以缓解民行诉讼中违反强制性规定判断的矛盾判决问题。Within the framework of illegal contract invalidity,the judicial interpretation that explicitly incorporates administrative liability places an additional burden on civil judges,who are now obligated to foresee and substantiate administrative responsibility.This also increases the risk of conflicting judgments between civil and administrative rulings.In their decisions,civil judges should first distinguish between non-sanctioning administrative penalties and mixed administrative penalties.Based on the types and functions of these penalties,they should analyze their relationship with the invalidity of illegal contracts and assess the legal effect of the contract accordingly.Furthermore,civil judges should,in procedural terms,focus on organizing and considering the administrative agency's classification of administrative penalties and administrative rulings to mitigate the issue of conflicting judgments regarding violations of mandatory regulations in both civil and administrative litigation.

关 键 词：违法无效 制裁性 强制性规定 既判力 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D923.6[政治法律—法学]