1930年代前期华北农村货币纸质化初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Paperization of Rural Currency in North China in the Early 1930s

作　　者：韩祥[1] 许训琪 Han Xiang;Xu Xunqi

机构地区：[1]山西大学中国社会史研究中心

出　　处：《山东社会科学》2025年第1期182-192,共11页Shandong Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“国家治理视角下传统中国货币与财政关系研究(1368-1911)”(项目编号:20&ZD064);山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究一般项目“民国时期华北与外蒙商贸变迁研究”(项目编号:2021W016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：民国时期的城乡货币流通愈发受到国际因素的影响,尤其在1930年代前期国际政治、经济危机的冲击下,华北城乡钱荒危机达于极点,农村地区硬通货加速流入城市,农民收支普遍纸币化,并因通胀严重而入不敷出,呈现出金融枯竭与农民破产的悲惨景象。在此过程中,因银价升值与铜元铸造劣质化,作为城乡主体小额通货的铜元出现大幅贬值,而且随着改两归元与法币改革的推进,与银元保持十进制的角票在各类小额纸币中崛起,逐渐取代铜元成为华北新的主体小额通货,推动农村货币进入全面纸质化的阶段。During the period of Republic of China,the circulation of currency in both urban and rural areas was increasingly influenced by international factors.Especially under the impact of the international political and economic crisis in the early 1930s,a cash shortage crisis reached its peak in urban and rural areas of North China.Hard currency in rural areas accelerated its flow into cities,while farmers'income and expenditure were increasingly conducted in paper currency.Due to severe inflation,farmers struggled to make ends meet,leading to a tragic scene of financial exhaustion and farmers'bankruptcy.In this process,due to the appreciation of silver price and the deterioration of copper coin casting,the copper coin,which was the main small denomination currency in urban and rural areas depreciated greatly.Moreover,with the advancement of the currency reforms of"From Tael to Silver Dollar"and"Legal Currency Reform",the tencent note,which maintained a decimal system with the silver dollar,emerged among various small denomi-nation paper currencies.It gradually replaced copper coins as the new main small denomination currency in North China,thereby pushing rural currency into a fully paper-based stage.

关 键 词：1930年代 华北 农村 货币 纸币化 

分 类 号：K263[历史地理—历史学]