基于黏弹−黏塑性模型的软岩隧洞长期变形解析  

Analysis of long−term deformation in soft rock tunnels based on viscoelastic−viscoplastic creep model

作　　者：冯渠彰 刘海明[1,2] 曹净[1] 丁文云[1,3] 王志良 彭咏梅[4] FENG Quzhang;LIU Haiming;CAO Jing;DING Wenyun;WANG Zhiliang;PENG Yongmei(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Kunming Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd.of CREEC,Kunming 650220,China;Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]中国地震局工程力学研究所地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [3]中铁二院昆明勘察设计研究院有限责任公司,云南昆明650220 [4]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期716-729,共14页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(2020EEEVL0204);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AF080001-2)。

摘　　要：为预测考虑蠕变特性的隧洞长期变形,提出了一种基于黏弹-黏塑性损伤流变模型和光滑广义Zhang-Zhu(GZZ)准则的软岩隧洞长期变形半解析计算方法。首先,引入能反映岩石损伤的Abel黏壶对黏弹-黏塑性模型进行非线性改良;其次,在有限差分法的基础上,结合光滑GZZ准则、非关联流动法则和非线性剪胀角模型,求出在应变软化行为影响下的隧洞变形;第三,采用黏弹-黏塑性模型求解在蠕变行为影响下的隧洞长期变形;最后,用现有解析解和实际工程案例验证该方法的有效性,并讨论不同参数对该解的敏感性。研究结果表明:本文解能够有效考虑软岩隧洞长期变形的蠕变效应;围岩特征曲线随蠕变时长不断右移,围岩变形增大,支护设计需考虑隧洞后续变形,建议采用让压支护措施;峰值剪胀角变大能增大围岩初态和瞬态变形,对瞬态变形的增大效果更明显;损伤参数变大也能增大隧洞变形,且能使围岩加快进入加速蠕变阶段;延迟时间和松弛时间变长都会减小隧洞变形;求导阶数变大会增大隧洞变形,且使围岩变形曲线的非线性特征更明显。A semi-analytical formulation to the long−term deformation of soft rock tunnels based on viscoelastic-viscoplastic damage rheological model and the smooth generalized Zhang-Zhu(GZZ)criterion was proposed,which can predict the long−term deformation of tunnels considering creep characteristics.Firstly,viscoelastic−viscoplastic model was nonlinearly modified using Abel dashpot that reflected rock damage.Secondly,based on the finite difference method,the deformation of the tunnel under the influence of strain softening behavior was derived by combining the smooth GZZ criterion,non-associated flow rules and nonlinear dilation angle model.Thirdly,the long−term deformation of the tunnel under the influence of creep behavior was solved using the viscoelastic-viscoplastic model.Finally,the effectiveness of this method was verified using the existing analytical solutions and practical engineering cases,and the sensitivity of the solution to different parameters was discussed.The results indicate that the proposed solution can account for the creep effect on the long−term deformation of soft rock tunnels.The characteristic curves of the surrounding rock continuously shift to the right with the duration of creep,indicating an increase in the deformation of the surrounding rock.The support design should consider the subsequent deformation of the tunnel,recommending the use of ductile support.Increasing the peak dilation angle can enhance both initial and transient deformation,with a more significant effect on transient deformation.Increasing the damage parameters can also lead to greater tunnel deformation and accelerate the surrounding rock's transition to the accelerated creep stage.Both longer delay time and relaxation time reduce tunnel deformation.Increasing derivative coefficient results in greater tunnel deformation and makes the nonlinear characteristics of the surrounding rock deformation curves more pronounced.

关 键 词：有限差分法 Abel黏壶 黏弹-黏塑性 GZZ强度准则 隧洞长期变形 

分 类 号：TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]