SnS_(x)基钠离子电池负极材料研究进展  

Research progress in SnS_x-based anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

作　　者：高利冬 焦烨亮 李刚[1] 王开鹰 潘跃德 Gao Lidong;Jiao Yeliang;Li Gang;Wang Kaiying;Pan Yuede(Institute of Energy Innovation,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院能源革命创新研究院,太原030024

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2025年第3期23-28,41,共7页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划面上项目(202303021211036);山西省百人计划创新团队资助项目(DC2000005702);1331工程骨干创新团队资助项目(DT17100004)。

摘　　要：钠离子电池因其低成本、高效率和钠资源储量丰富被视为锂离子电池和铅酸电池在储能和低速电动车等应用领域极具潜力的替代品。高比容量长循环寿命钠离子电池电极材料的研究,对于高比能长寿命钠离子电池的发展具有重要意义。SnS_(x)由于高的理论比容量(>1000mAh/g)以及独特的层状结构,被视为潜在的高性能钠离子电池负极材料,但也存在电导率低、首效低、充放电体积变化大等重要挑战。综述了SnS_(x)基钠离子电池负极材料的最新进展,主要包括五部分内容:(1)通过非原位XRD等表征技术,阐述储钠机理;(2)通过调控纳米结构提高比表面积,增加电极和电解质之间的接触面积;(3)与碳材料复合,提高材料整体的电子导电性以及缓冲电化学反应过程中的体积变化;(4)与其他金属硫化物形成异质结构,提供更多的氧化还原位点;(5)构建与其他金属碳化物、氧化物等纳米材料的协同体系,增强表界面反应动力学。最后,展望了SnS_(x)基材料储钠性能进一步优化的可行性。Sodium-ion batteries are considered a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries in application fields like energy storage and low-speed electric vehicles due to their low cost,high efficiency,and abundant sodium resources.The study of electrode materials with high specific capacity and long cycle life for sodium-ion batteries is of great significance for the development of high-energy and long-life sodium-ion batteries.SnS_(x) is regarded as a potential high-performance anode material for sodium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity(>1000mAh/g) and unique layered structure,but there are challenges such as low electrical conductivity,low initial Coulombic efficiency,and severe volume change during charge-discharge.This paper reviewed the recent progress of SnS_x-based anode materials for sodium-ion batteries,including five parts:(1)elaboration of the sodium ion storage mechanism by characterization techniques such as ex-situ XRD;(2)controlling the nanostructured morphology for higher specific surface area and better electrolyte-electrode contact;(3)Integrating with carbon materials for improved electronic transport and cushioned volume change during electrochemical processes;(4)forming heterostructures with other metal sulfides to provide more redox sites;and(5)constructing synergistic systems with other metal carbides,oxides,and other nanomaterials to enhance the reaction kinetics at the surfaces and interfaces.Finally,the feasibility of further optimization of sodium storage properties of SnSx-based materials was envisioned.

关 键 词：SNS SnS_(2) 钠离子电池 负极材料 复合材料 异质结构 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]